32份板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现

The characteristics of 32 cultivated germplasms of Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus in Xinjiang production area

【目的】研究不同板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现,筛选出适宜当地种植的板蓝根优良种质。【方法】收集全国板蓝根产区的32份板蓝根栽培种质,在新疆昌吉回族自治州玛纳斯县种植。以农艺性状和品质性状为指标,分析板蓝根种质在新疆的性状表现。【结果】多数板蓝根栽培种质角果呈浅褐色、倒披针形,长/宽比2.2~5.0,厚度1~3 mm,千粒重6~20 g;叶形多以椭圆型为主,叶缘形多以中、弱的强度为主,叶缘缺刻程度以浅、中为主,花青甙显色情况以4种程度(无、弱、中和强)分布较为均匀,叶长15~25 cm;根长35~45 cm;根粗1.5~2.5 cm。侧根数在4~6个;单根重大多集中在100~150 g,以XJ-1和XJ-2种质表现较佳。各种质间(R,S)-告依春含量存在显著差异,XJ-1和HN-1种质表现优异,侧根数与根长呈极显著负相关关系,与根粗之间呈极显著正相关关系。根重与根粗、侧根数之间呈极显著正相关关系。根粗与根长呈显著负相关关系。【结论】各板蓝根种质在新疆产区性状表现存在差异,HLJ-1在根长、叶长等农艺性状方面表现优异,XJ-1在根重和有效成分含量方面表现出相对优势。

【Objective】The characters of different germplasm of Isatis indigotica in Xinjiang were studied,the excellent germplasm suitable for local planting was screened out.【Methods】32 cultivated germplasm of Isatis indigotica were collected from the whole production area of Isatis indigotica.Grown in manas county,Changii Hui Autonomous Prefecturd Province.The agronomic traits and quality traits were taken as indexes.To analyze the characters of Isatis indigotica germplasm in Xinjiang.【Results】The results showed that most of the germplasms had light brown,oblanceolate fruits with length/width ranging from 2.2 to 5.0,thickness ranging from 1 to 3,and thousand-grain weight ranging from 6 to 20 g.The leaf shape was mostly elliptic,the leaf margin shape was mostly medium and weak in strength,the degree of leaf margin notch was mainly light and medium,the anthocyanic colouring was evenly distributed in four degrees(none,weak,medium and strong),and the leaf length was mostly concentrated in 15-25 cm.Root length was concentrated at 35-45 cm,root width at 1.5-2.5 cm,and number of lateral roots at 4-6.The single root weight was concentrated at 100-150 g,with XJ-1 and XJ-2 being the outstanding germplasms.There were significant differences in(R,S)-goitrin content among the germplasms,with XJ-1 and HN-1 germplasms being the excellent performers.There was a highly significant negative correlation between the number of lateral roots and root length,and a highly significant positive correlation with root width.There was a highly significant positive correlation between root weight and root width and number of lateral roots.Root width was negatively correlated with root length.【Conclusion】There are differences in the performance of traits among the various germplasm in Xinjiang,with HLJ-1 showing excellent performance in agronomic traits such as root length and leaf length,and XJ-1 showing relative advantages in both root weight and active ingredient content.