深层-超深层碳酸盐岩油气藏储层特征及渗流特征研究进展

Research Progress on Reservoir Characteristics and Seepage Characteristics of Deep and Ultra-Deep Carbonate Oil and Gas Reservoirs

深层-超深层碳酸盐岩油气资源因其储量丰富、潜力巨大,已成为全球能源供应的重要战略资源。然而,高温高压环境、复杂的孔喉结构,以及微观孔隙、宏观孔隙、溶蚀孔洞和裂缝等多介质的共存,使传统的勘探和开发技术难以应对其复杂性。随着勘探开发的深入,储层描述和渗流研究面临精确表征、复杂渗流实验和建模等难点。为此,详细阐述了深层-超深层碳酸盐岩储层的特征表征与渗流特征研究的最新进展和关键难点;系统总结了储层微观结构的精细刻画方法和基于人工智能的多属性地震表征技术;探讨了多尺度表征在复杂储层中的应用与成效,并梳理了当前储层识别与描述的主要技术路径及其发展趋势;重点汇总了高温高压条件下深层-超深层碳酸盐岩储层的渗流特性研究,涵盖了多尺度渗流理论和气-水两相渗流机理,并分析了国内外研究的实验数据和理论模型;讨论了渗流研究中面临的挑战与未来发展方向,为深层-超深层油气藏开发研究提供了重要参考。

Deep and ultra-deep carbonate oil and gas reservoirs,with their vast reserves and immense potential,have emerged as critical strategic assets in global energy supply.However,the complex challenges posed by high-temperature,high-pressure environments,intricate pore-throat structures,and the coexistence of macro-pores,dissolution cavities,and fractures make traditional exploration and production technologies insufficient to manage such complexity.As exploration and development progress,precise reservoir characterization and seepage behavior research face significant hurdles,including advanced modeling,complex seepage experiments,and accurate description of reservoir properties.Therefore,this review offers an in-depth analysis of the latest developments and key challenges in the characterization and seepage behavior of deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs.It provides a comprehensive summary of cutting-edge methods for detailed microstructural reservoir characterization and multi-attribute seismic interpretation techniques enhanced by artificial intelligence.The paper also explores the application and success of multi-scale characterization approaches in complex reservoirs,while outlining the primary technical strategies and emerging trends in reservoir identification and description.Additionally,the article emphasizes recent advancements in understanding seepage characteristics under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in deep carbonate reservoirs,focusing on multi-scale seepage theory and gas-water two-phase flow mechanisms.By examining experimental data and theoretical models from both domestic and international research,the review highlights current challenges and future directions in seepage studies,providing valuable insights for the development and efficient exploitation of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs.