风光发电耦合海水淡化系统的容量优化设置

Capacity optimization for solar and wind powered sea water desalination system

利用光伏、风电所生产的电力,为海水淡化装置供能,是为海岛等孤立社区提供用水保障的有效方式。系统中光伏、风电及储能容量的合理配置,可以保障制水量的相对稳定,并实现较低的制水成本。本文以光伏供能为例,设想了一种海水淡化系统运行逻辑,并依靠启发式算法寻优,找到能使吨水成本最低的光伏、储能配置方案。笔者将该方法应用于设想的供水需求情形,并对不同的海水淡化模块设置方案作了比较。结果表明,光伏发电能支持海水淡化模块相对稳定工作,但牺牲一定的能量利用率;如果将系统分解为若干个小模块,能量利用率和经济性均优于单个大模块。

For isolated communities like oceanic islands,sea water desalination powered by renewable energy can help satisfy the demand for living water.For such systems,the reasonable sizing of solar,wind and battery capacity is important for minimizing the water production cost,while ensuring a relatively stable supply at the same time.The present work first proposes an operation strategy of sea water desalination system powered by solar energy.An optimization methodology is suggested based on the proposed strategy and heuristic algorithms,which helps to find the most reasonable solar and battery capacity.The methodology is then applied to a reference case.A comparison is made between single and multi-module scenario.The results show that the solar energy powered desalination system is able to ensure a relatively stable water supply,with nevertheless a compromised energy utilization ratio.An improvement is possible by dividing the desalination system into multiple smaller modules,which offers better energy utilization ratio and fresh water cost compared to a single large module.