优化国资收益分配的政治经济学探析

The Political Economy Analysis of Optimizing the Income Distribution of State-owned Assets

从全民共享的角度来看,现有国资收益分配结构中的各种分配方式均存在不足,因此有必要探索并引入全民分红这种新的分配方式。这种新分配方式的优点是可以更好体现国资国企的全民所有制性质,通过建立人人高度可感的利益联系,能够激发人民支持和监督国资国企发展的积极性。在一定条件下,这种新分配方式有利于推动全体人民共同富裕,但是,引入这种新分配方式也必然产生“挤出效应”。在国有经济规模既定的前提下,重新优化分配方案的目的是提高社会福利并使其最大化;而在优化所有制结构的基础上,提高国资在全社会资本中的占比,可以扩大国资收益分配优化所带来的利益。

From the perspective of national sharing,there are some deficiencies in any distribution method in the existing distribution structure of state-owned assets,so it is necessary to explore the introduction of a new distribution method of national dividends.The advantage of this distribution method is that it can better reflect the nature of the ownership of stateowned assets and state-owned enterprises by the whole people,and can enhance the people's enthusiasm for supporting and supervising the development of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises by establishing a highly perceptible interest relationship for everyone.Under certain conditions,this distribution method is conducive to promoting common prosperity for all the people and expanding domestic demand.However,the introduction of this distribution method will inevitably give rise to a"crowding-out effect".Under the premise that the scale of the state-owned economy is established,social welfare can be improved and maximized by re-optimizing the distribution scheme.By optimizing the ownership structure and increasing the proportion of state-owned assets in the whole social capital,we can better realize the benefits brought by the optimization of state-owned assets income distribution.