炎症细胞因子及其相关通路在椎间盘退变中的作用机制

The Mechanism of Inflammatory Cytokines and Its Relevant Pathways in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

椎间盘退变(intervertebral disc degeneration,IVDD)是一种常见的脊柱疾病,其发病机制目前尚不完全清楚。炎症细胞如中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞等以及炎症趋化因子如TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6等在退变椎间盘中可促进髓核细胞的凋亡和降解,导致IVDD。此外,炎症细胞因子也可以刺激软骨终板细胞产生一系列炎症介质,引发炎症反应。在信号通路方面,NF-κB、MAPK和PI3K/Akt等信号通路被发现在IVDD过程中发挥关键作用,调节炎症细胞因子的表达,并参与调控纤维环细胞的生存和代谢。因此,针对炎症细胞因子及其相关信号通路的干预措施可能成为治疗IVDD的新途径。综上所述,炎症细胞因子及相关信号通路在IVDD中发挥着重要作用,对其进行深入研究将有助于寻找治疗IVDD的新方法。该综述旨在探讨炎症细胞因子在IVDD中的作用及相关信号通路的调控机制,并系统总结基于炎症反应干预IVDD的措施。

IVDD(intervertebral disc degeneration)is a common spinal disease,and its pathogenesis is currently not fully understood.Inflammatory cells such as neutrophils,macrophages,and inflammatory chemokines such as TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 can promote apoptosis and degradation of nucleus pulposus cells in degenerated intervertebral discs,leading to IVDD.In addition,inflammatory cytokines can also stimulate chondrocyte endplate cells to produce a series of inflammatory mediators,triggering an inflammatory response.In terms of signaling pathways,NF-κB,MAPK,and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways have been found to play key roles in the IVDD process,regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and participating in the regulation of the survival and metabolism of annulus fibrosus cells.Therefore,interventions targeting inflammatory cytokines and their related signaling pathways may become a new approach for treating IVDD.In summary,inflammatory cytokines and related signaling pathways play an important role in IVDD,and in-depth research on them will help to find new methods for treating IVDD.This review aims to explore the role of inflammatory cytokines in IVDD and the regulatory mechanisms of related signaling pathways,and systematically summarize the intervention measures based on inflammatory response in IVDD.