刑事司法的关系主义理论——范式的转变

The Relationism Theory of Criminal Justice——A Paradigm Shift

构建一般刑事司法理论有两大难点。首先,不同于犯罪学理论,刑事司法在不同层面上会产生多种结果。其次,现有理论的范围主要源于西方的背景和数据,鲜少提及跨文化的差异。然而,在当前单调范式向更普遍的比较范式转变的情况下,有必要提出一个新的理论框架,用于解释跨文化背景下体系、制度和个人层面上多种刑事司法结果。新的范式在逻辑上包含了现有范式,同时拓宽了刑事司法研究的问题和范围,其提出了一套新的概念和主张,致力于构建一个一般的刑事司法因果理论。

There are two significant difficulties in building a general criminal justice theory.First,different from criminology theories,criminal justice produces multiple outcomes at different levels.Second,the scopes of existing theories largely originate from Western contexts and data,few including cross⁃cultural variation.However,it is necessary to propose a new theoretical framework to explain multiple criminal justice outcomes at the system,institutional,and individual levels across cultures under a paradigm shift from the current"monotonic paradigm"to a more general"comparison paradigm."The new paradigm logically contains the existing paradigm while broadening research questions and scope of criminal justice studies.It constructs a new set of concepts and propositions,presenting an effort toward a general causal criminal justice theory.