壮族聚集地常住居民超重、肥胖现状及其与血压、尿酸、糖脂代谢的关系——以武鸣区为例

Status of overweight and obesity and their relationships with blood pressure,uric acid,and glucose and lipid metabolism among permanent residents in Zhuang ethnic group concentrated areas:a case study in Wuming district

目的以广西武鸣区为例,了解壮族聚集地常住居民超重、肥胖的现状,进一步分析BMI水平与高血压、高尿酸血症、高血糖及血脂异常的关系。方法选取2022年1月至2023年10月在广西医科大学附属武鸣医院进行健康体检的5354名武鸣区城乡常住居民作为研究对象,收集身高、体重、血压等基本信息,对空腹血糖(FBG)、尿酸(UA)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(T-CHOL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)进行检测。采用描述性分析该聚集地常住居民超重、肥胖状况,采用Spearman相关和Logistic回归分析BMI水平与高血压、高尿酸血症、高血糖及血脂异常间的关联。结果该壮族聚集地常住居民的超重、肥胖检出率分别为35.19%、14.06%,男性超重、肥胖检出率高于女性(P<0.001),以35~59岁年龄段超重肥胖检出率最高;不同BMI水平常住居民的高血压、高尿酸血症、高血糖和血脂异常的检出率比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001),检出率随着BMI水平的升高而升高;Spearman相关和Logistic回归分析结果显示:壮族聚集地常住居民BMI水平与收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、FBG、UA、TG、T-CHOL和LDL-C呈正相关(P均<0.001),与HDL-C呈负相关(P<0.001);高血压、高尿酸血症、血脂异常和高血糖的患病风险随着BMI水平的上升而上升(P均<0.001)。结论BMI水平与壮族聚集地常住居民的高血压、高尿酸血症、血脂异常和高血糖的患病风险密切相关,应针对高水平BMI聚集地常住居民进行健康生活宣教,提升健康防护意识,以减少慢性疾病发生。

Objective To investigate the status of overweight and obesity among permanent residents in Zhuang ethnic group concentrated areas,using Wuming district in Guangxi as an example,and further analyze the relationship between body mass index(BMI)levels and hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperglycemia,and dyslipidemia.Methods A total of 5354 permanent residents from both urban and rural areas of Wuming district who underwent health examinations at Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected as study subjects.Basic information such as height,weight,and blood pressure were collected,while fasting blood glucose(FBG),uric acid(UA),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHOL),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were tested.Descriptive analysis was used to describe the status of overweight and obesity among permanent residents in this area.Spearman correlation and Logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between BMI levels and hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperglycemia,and dyslipidemia.Results The detection rates of overweight and obesity among permanent residents in this Zhuang ethnic group concentrated area were 35.19%and 14.06%,respectively.The detection rates of overweight and obesity were higher in males than in females(P<0.001),with the highest detection rates in the 35~59 age group.Statistically significant differences were found in the detection rates of hypertension,hyperuricemia,hyperglycemia,and dyslipidemia among permanent residents with different BMI levels(P<0.001),with the detection rates increasing as BMI levels rose.The results of Spearman correlation and Logistic regression analyses showed that BMI levels were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),FBG,UA,TG,T-CHOL,and LDL-C(all P<0.001)and negatively correlated with HDL-C(P<0.001)among permanent residents in Zhuang ethnic group concentrated areas.The risks of hypertension,hyperuricemia,dyslipidemia,and hyperglycemia increased as BMI levels rose(all P<0.001).Conclusion BMI levels are closely related to the risks of hypertension,hyperuricemia,dyslipidemia,and hyperglycemia among permanent residents in Zhuang ethnic group concentrated areas.Health education and promotion should be targeted at permanent residents with high BMI levels in these areas to enhance their awareness of health protection and reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.