“同源异效”中药枳实和枳壳的研究进展

Research progress on"homologous different effects"of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus

枳实和枳壳为芸香科植物的干燥幼果和未成熟果实,主要源自酸橙属植物的同一部位,不同采收时间导致了二者成熟程度不一,并最终变化为不同药材。已有报道表明,枳实和枳壳中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、挥发油类、香豆素类等成分,具有胃肠道作用、抗焦虑、调节脂质代谢、抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化等多种药理作用。该文通过查阅国内外文献,就枳实和枳壳的用药沿革、化学成分、药理作用及质量控制进行探讨,以期为枳实和枳壳的质量控制及推进多元化应用提供依据。

Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus are the dried young and immature fruits of Rutaceae,which mainly originate from the same part of lime.They are harvested from the same part with different maturity levels,which leads to different medicinal materials.It has been reported that Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus contain flavonoids,alkaloids,volatile oils,coumarins and other components,which have a variety of pharmacological effects such as gastrointestinal disorder-alleviating,anti-anxiety,lipid metabolism-modulating,anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,and antioxidant effects.This paper reviews the research progress in the evolution,chemical constituents,pharmacological effects,and quality control of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus,aiming to provide a basis for the quality control and diversified application of the two herbal medicines.