教育公平与人力资本积累——基于高考招生专项计划的实证研究

Educational Equity and Human Capital Accumulation:Evidence from the Special Enrollment Plan for College Entrance Examination

高考招生专项计划是近年来促进教育公平和乡村振兴的重要政策手段,本文创新性地探索这一计划对农村人力资本积累的影响。研究发现:该招生专项计划显著提高了农村地区个体的受教育水平与高中入学概率,但也对同地区无法享受计划的个体存在一定负向溢出效应,但影响相对较小。同时,专项计划提升了农村家庭对下一代的教育预期以及人力资本投资,但投资的增加集中在教育背景较好的家庭。本文的结论为新时代乡村振兴战略背景下,利用教育帮扶政策促进人力资本积累,推动教育公平和共同富裕提供了证据和启示。

The special enrollment plan for college entrance examination aims to achieve education equity in China.This study innovatively explores its impact on rural individual education levels and on human capital investments in children.We find that the plan significantly improves rural individual's education years and high school enrollment.We also find that the plan has negative but limited spillover effects on individuals uncovered by the policy.Additionally,it could promote human capital investment on rural children,concentrated in better-educated families.