涉侨宗族网络的经济福利效应——来自涉侨族谱的证据

The Economic Welfare Impacts of Transnational Clan Networks:Evidence from Transnational Clan Genealogies

本文研究了涉侨宗族网络对本土成员经济福利的影响及其机制。本文匹配2005年全国人口抽样调查数据和涉侨族谱数据,发现同一地区涉侨越多的姓氏族群:(1)具有更好的住房条件,但并未具有更高的教育程度或劳动收入;(2)更大概率在经济上依赖家族其他成员的支持;(3)劳动参与率较低,工作时长较短,但同时也更有可能创业。机制分析显示涉侨宗族网络对本土成员形成了一定的分化效应:一方面,海外亲族提供的经济支持虽然改善了本土成员的生活条件,但也挤出了部分本土成员对人力资本的投资和参与劳动的积极性;另一方面,涉侨宗族网络提供了海外市场信息与融资支持,从而使涉侨的本土族群更容易从事出口方面的生意,促进了创业行为。

Surnames with a higher presence of overseas Chinese in the same region exhibit the following characteristics:(1)better housing conditions,but no significant improvement in educational attainment or labor income;(2)a higher likelihood of economic dependency on other family members;(3)lower labor force participation rates,shorter working hours,and a higher propensity for entrepreneurship.On one hand,the economic support from overseas relatives improves the living conditions of local members but crowds out some of their investment in human capital and labor participation.On the other hand,the clan networks provide access to overseas market information and financial support,facilitating engagement in export-oriented businesses and promoting entrepreneurial activities.