澧阳平原史前聚落间分化的长程观察

Long-range Observation of the Differentiation among Prehistoric Settlements in Liyang Plain

位于湖南省西北部的澧阳平原发现有从距今一万年至四千年间的新石器时代遗址三百余处。从最初的平等聚落到以城头山城的出现为标志的城乡分化,再到鸡叫城遗址群所呈现出的城乡间的控制与依附,本文在一个大时间尺度下对澧阳平原史前聚落间关系的变化进行观察,并推断其背后的主要动因是稻作农业的起源与发展,为史前聚落间关系的研究提供了一个区域案例。

More than 300 Neolithic Age sites dating from 10,000 to 4,000 years ago have been discovered in the Liyang Plain which located in the northwest of Hunan Province.This article observes and analyzes the changes in the relationship among the prehistoric settlements in the Liyang Plain on a large time scale,from the initial equal settlement to the urban-rural differentiation marked by the emergence of Chengtoushan City,and then to the control and dependence between urban and rural areas shown by the Jijiaocheng sites group.The inference is that the main driving force is the origin and development of rice agriculture,and provides a regional case for the study of relationships amongprehistoric settlements.