试析邵武斗米山下层遗存——闽江上游新石器晚期文化的新思考

Analysis of the Lower Layer Remains at the Doumishan Site in ShaowuNew Reflections on the Late Neolithic Culture in the Upper Reaches of the Minjiang River

通过对位于闽江上游富屯溪流域的邵武斗米山遗址下层遗存进行地层学和类型学分析,该遗存墓葬类陶器群与地层类A组陶器群为斗米山下层早期遗存,地层类B、C组陶器群为斗米山下层晚期遗存。斗米山下层早期遗存与长江北岸皖西南、鄂东地区的黄鳝嘴文化相似,斗米山下层遗存晚期遗存包含了闽西北地区南山第二、三期遗存和闽北地区牛鼻山文化晚期遗存等两类遗存。斗米山下层早期遗存的发现和识别,填补了闽北地区新石器时代晚期距今6000—5500年考古学文化遗存的空白,同时也将闽江上游新石器时代文化的来源投向了皖江流域。以黄鳝嘴文化为主体的斗米山下层早期遗存的形成和出现,应该是长江中下游地区崧泽时代文化融合与扩张进程在闽江上游的最初体现。

Through stratigraphic and typological analysis of the lower layer remains at the Doumishan site in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River's Futun River basin,the tomb pottery group and the stratum type A pottery group are identified as the early remains of the Doumishan lower layer,while the stratum types B and C pottery groups are identified as the late remains of the Doumishan lower layer.The early remains of the Doumishan lower layer are similar to the Huangshanzui culture in the southwestern part of Anhui and eastern Hubei on the north bank of the Yangtze River,while the late remains of the Doumishan lower layer include two types of remains:the second and third phases of the Nanshan site in the northwest of Fujian and the late remains of the Niubishan culture in the northern part of Fujian.The discovery and identification of the early remains of the Doumishan lower layer fill the gap in the archaeological cultural remains of the late Neolithic period(6000-5500 years ago)in the northern part of Fujian,and also direct the source of the Neolithic culture in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River towards the Wanjiang River basin.The formation and emergence of the Doumishan lower layer early remains,dominated by the Huangshanzui culture,should be the initial manifestation of the integration and expansion process of the Songze era culture in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River.