黑水虻幼虫、配合饲料及其交替投喂对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长性能、肝胰腺色泽和生理代谢的影响

Effects of black soldier fly larvae,formulated feed and alternate feeding on the culture performance,hepatopancreas color,and physiological metabolism of juvenile Chinese mitten crab

本研究比较了投喂黑水虻(Hermitia illucens L.)幼虫、配合饲料以及二者交替投喂对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹生长性能、肝胰腺色泽、消化酶活性及抗氧化能力的影响。结果显示:(1)各组幼蟹的成活率和体重差异不显著,但黑水虻幼虫投喂组的早熟率显著高于投喂配合饲料组;(2)3组幼蟹的肝胰腺指数无显著差异,但肝胰腺色泽有显著差异,配合饲料组幼蟹肝胰腺的亮度值(L)和红度值(a)显著高于黑水虻幼虫组;(3)配合饲料组脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力均显著高于黑水虻幼虫组和交替投喂组;(4)配合饲料组的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活力均显著高于其余两组,而丙二醛(MDA)含量明显最低。综上,完全投喂黑水虻幼虫对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长无负面影响,但会对幼蟹性早熟、肝胰腺色泽、消化酶活性和抗氧化性能产生负面影响,建议幼蟹养殖过程中采用配合饲料和黑水虻幼虫交替投喂或混合投喂的办法。

Black soldier fly larvae(BSFL)have the potential to serve as a feed material source for aquaculture feed,which could be directly fed to aquaculture animals or incorporated into formulated feeds.This study aimed to compare the effects of three feeding models(BSFL,formulated feeds,and their mixture)on the culture performance,hepatopancreatic coloration,digestive enzyme activity,and antioxidant capacity and immune indices of juvenile Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis.The results showed no significant differences in survival rate and body weight among the three groups.However,the precocious rate of BSFL group was significantly higher than that of formulated feeds group.ifferent feeding models had no significant effects on hepatosomatic index(HSI),but it had a significant impact on hepatopancreatic coloration.The formulated feed group had significantly higher brightness value(L*)and redness value(a*)of the hepatopancreas the BSFL group.formulated feed group had the significantly higher lipase,trypsin,and amylase activities than the groups of BSFL and mixture.Furthermore,formulated feed group had significantly higher total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and acid phosphatase(ACP)activities than the other two groups the lowest malondialdehyde(MDA)content was also found in formulated feed group.Based on the above,completely feeding black soldier fly larvae has no negative impact on the growth of Chinese mitten crab juveniles.However,it may negatively affect juvenile precocity,hepatopancreatic coloration,digestive enzyme activity,and antioxidant capacity.It is recommended that during the juvenile crab farming process,a combination of formulated feed and alternating or mixed feeding of black soldier fly larvae can be adopted.