高熔体强度聚丙烯制备及其发泡材料功能化

Preparation of High Melt Strength Polypropylene and Functionalizations of Its Foaming Materials

普通聚丙烯(PP)过低的熔体强度(MS)会制约PP发泡技术发展,高熔体强度聚丙烯(HMSPP)是在聚合过程中引入支链而制备的长支链聚丙烯,长支链结构能改变普通PP的应变软化效应,使HMSPP具有热稳定性好、加工温度范围宽、抗熔垂性好等特征,拓宽PP发泡温度范围的同时改善PP泡沫性能。本文介绍了HMSPP的概念、特征及表征方法,列举了HMSPP国内外主要研究机构及产品,对比了HMSPP的制备方法(包括反应挤出法、聚合法、辐照制备法、交联制备法、共混改性法等)的优缺点,综述了HMSPP的发泡方法(包括挤出发泡、模压发泡、釜压发泡、注射发泡、吹塑发泡等),介绍了HMSPP的应用及功能化(如隔声、隔热、阻燃、吸附等),最后对HMSPP未来的研究方向和应用进行了展望,鉴于我国高端HMSPP研究起步较晚,相关科研机构需加大研发力度,开发高性能附加值的HMSPP产品,拓宽HMSPP的应用领域,提高市场竞争力。

The developments of PP foaming technologies are restricted by the low melt strength(MS)of ordinary polypropylene(PP).High melt strength polypropylene(HMSPP)is a long branch chain PP prepared by the introduction of branch chains in the polymerization process.The long branch chain structures could change the strain softening effect of ordinary PP,binging HMSPP with characteristics such as good thermal stability,wide processing temperature range,and good resistance to melt sagging,which could broaden the temperature ranges of PP foaming and improve the performances of PP foams.The concepts,characteristics and characterization methods of HMSPP were introduced in this paper.The research institutions and products of HMSPP at home and abroad were listed.The advantages and disadvantages of HMSPP preparation methods(reaction extrusion method,polymerization,irradiation preparation,crosslinking preparation,blending and modification,etc.)were compared.The foaming methods of HMSPP(extrusion foaming,molded foaming,kettle foaming,injection foaming,blowing foam,etc.)were summarized.The applications and functionalizations of HMSPP(sound insulation,heat insulation,flame retardant,adsorption,etc.)were introduced.Finally,the research directions and applications of HMSPP in the future were presented.In view of the late start of upscale HMSPP research in China,relevant scientific research institutions need to increase their development efforts to develop high-performance and value-added HMSPP products,broadening the application fields of HMSPP and improving their market competitiveness.