论《山海经》神话的怪诞美

The Beauty of Grotesque in the Myth of The Classic of Mountains and Seas

《山海经》是保留中国神话最为集中且接近神话原生状态的典籍,其所记载的神话以恐怖奇特的形象与背离现实的情节呈现了浓厚的怪诞意味。《山海经》神话所具有的怪诞美学风貌,是在低下的物质发展水平以及政治因素的影响下,华夏先民的物我同一思维方式、复杂心理状态以及原始审美意识反映到神话中的结果。而《山海经》神话中显著的怪诞现象不仅揭示了原始初民的审美趣味与审美心理结构,彰显了有别于“温柔敦厚”诗风的美学风格,也给审美主体带来了恐惧又可笑的审美体验。

The Classic of Mountains and Seas is the most concentrated and close to the original state of myths in China,and the myths recorded in it present strong grotesque meanings with horrifying and strange images and plots that deviate from reality.The grotesque aesthetic style in the myth of The Classic of Mountains and Seas is the result of the low level of material development and the influence of political factors,which reflected the primitive people’s thinking mode of identification between things and me,their complex psychological state,and their primal aesthetic consciousness into the myths.The remarkable grotesque phenomenon in the myth of The Classic of Mountains and Seas not only reveals the aesthetic interest and aesthetic psychological structure of the primitive man,but also highlights an aesthetic style different from the“tender and gentle”,which also brings the aesthetic subject a fearful and ridiculous aesthetic experience.