广东省职业教育城非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌监测结果

Monitoring results of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae in Guangdong Vocational Education City

目的分析广东省职业教育城(职教城)重点人群和环境中非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌的流行状况,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法2022年8月10日—2023年10月10日采集职教城水样(包括学校管网水、湖水、北江河水)、环境物表、重点人群肛拭子、水产市场甲鱼及其养殖水等样本,应用实时荧光PCR检测技术和细菌培养法进行霍乱弧菌检验,采用描述性方法分析非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌在省职教城地区的流行特征。结果904份各类样本中,检出霍乱弧菌样本61份,总阳性检出率6.7%,全部为非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌。不同样本霍乱弧菌阳性检出率依次为北江河水52.0%(13/25)、甲鱼涂抹41.2%(14/34)、甲鱼养殖水36.1%(13/36)、湖水20.8%(20/96)、重点人群肛拭子0.2%(1/593),食堂环境物表和管网水未检出。夏秋季和冬春季外环境霍乱弧菌总阳性检出率分别为34.3%、27.9%;南部区域和北部区域湖水霍乱弧菌阳性检出率分别为20.0%、21.7%,差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为0.893、0.044,P均>0.05)。结论广东省职教城地区自然水体及水产品甲鱼非O1/非O139群霍乱弧菌阳性检出率较高,发生疫情风险较大,应做好预防工作。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae(NOVC)in key populations and environments of Guangdong Vocational Education City(GVEC),so as to provide the evidence for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods From August 10,2022 to October 10,2023,water samples(including school pipeline water,lake water,and Beijiang River water),environmental samples,anal swabs from key populations,and samples from turtles and their aquaculture water in the aquatic market were collected from GVEC.Real-time fluorescence PCR detection technology and bacterial culture method were used to test for Vibrio cholerae.Descriptive methods were used to analyze the epidemic characteristics of NOVC in GVEV.Results Out of 904 samples of various types,61 samples of Vibrio cholerae were detected,with an overall positive detection rate of 6.7%,and they were all NOVC.The positive detection rates of Vibrio cholerae were52.0%(13/25)in the samples of Beijiang River water,41.2%(14/34)in the samples of turtle smearing,36.1%(13/36)in the samples of turtle aquaculture water,20.8%(20/96)in the samples of lake water,and 0.2%(1/593)in anal swabs from key populations;no detection was found in the samples of surface and pipeline water of the cafeteria environment.The overall positive detection rates of Vibrio cholerae in the outdoor environment in summer and autumn,and winter and spring were 34.3%and 27.9%,respectively.The positive detection rates of Vibrio cholerae in lake water in the southern and northern regions were20.0%and 21.7%,respectively,with no statistically significant differences(Chi square values were 0.893 and 0.044,respectively;both P>0.05).Conclusions The positive detection rate of Vibrio cholerae in natural water bodies and aquatic products such as turtles in the area of GOVC is relatively high,indicating a high risk of outbreak.Therefore,preventive measures should be taken.