政府补贴如何助推企业出口产品质量提升——基于对制造业上市公司的考察

How can Government Subsidies Boost the Quality of Enterprises'Export Products——Based on the Investigation of Listed Manufacturing Companies

政府补贴可以为企业加强研发创新提升国际竞争力提供资金支持。本文利用A股上市公司数据和海关出口数据研究政府补贴对企业出口产品质量的影响。研究发现:政府补贴显著促进了上市公司出口产品质量的提高,但二者存在一定的U型曲线关系;政府补贴对东部和中部地区企业出口产品质量的提高具有明显的促进作用,对高技术企业和国有企业促进作用大于中低技术企业和民营企业,研发补贴和长期补贴对出口产品质量提高的促进作用更大;政府补贴对创新效率和全要素生产率高的企业出口产品质量提高的促进作用更显著,其主要通过资本效应和创新效应提高出口产品质量,规模效应的传导机制不显著。本研究对提高政府财政政策有效性和推动出口贸易高质量发展具有一些启示意义。

Government subsidies provide financial support for enterprises to strengthen R&D innovation to enhance international competitiveness.This paper used A-share listed company data and customs export data to study the impact of government subsidies on the quality of enterprises'export products.It is found that government subsidies significantly promote the quality of listed companies'export products,but there is a certain U-shaped curve relationship between them.Government subsidies have a significant promoting effect on the quality of export products of enterprises in the eastern and central regions,and the promoting effect on high-tech enterprises and state-owned enterprises is greater than that on low and medium technology enterprises and private enterprises.And the research and development subsidies and long-term subsidies have a greater facilitating effect on the quality of export products.Government subsidies have a more significant promoting effect on the export product quality of enterprises with high innovation efficiency and total factor productivity,which mainly improves the export product quality through capital and innovation effect,while the transmission mechanism of scale effect is not significant.This study is of great significance for improving the effectiveness of government fiscal policy and boosting the high-quality development of export trade.