碳纤维材料表面改性技术的研究进展

Research Progress of Surface Modification Technology of Cabon Fiber Materials

碳纤维增强材料具有优异的力学性能和质量比,是先进复合材料的首选材料。由于碳的疏水性和化学惰性以及碳纤维生产过程中高温、碳化和石墨化等工序,造成碳纤维表面与聚合物分子之间界面附着力较差,这是长期存在且需要克服的问题。碳纤维表面改性技术分为化学法和物理法两类,介绍了近年来国内外在碳纤维表面改性方面的研究进展。比较了酸处理法、电化学法、碳纳米管接枝法、涂层法、等离子处理法及高能辐射法等处理方法对碳纤维表面改性的效果,并结合实际生产指出了各种方法所存在的不足。

Carbon fiber reinforced material has excellent mechanical properties and weight ratio and is the preferred material for advanced composites.Due to the hydrophobicity and chemical inertia of carbon,as well as the high temperature,carbonization and graphitization processes in the production of carbon fiber,the interface adhesion between carbon fiber surface and polymer molecules is poor,which is a long-stand⁃ing problem that needs to be overcome.The surface modification technology of carbon fiber is divided into chemical method and physical method,and the research progress in surface modification of carbon fiber is introduced.The effects of acid treatment,electrochemical treatment,carbon nanotube grafting,coating,plas⁃ma treatment and high energy radiation treatment on surface modification of carbon fibers are compared,and the shortcomings of these methods are pointed out.