植物乳杆菌LP1511对肉鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力、免疫功能和肠道健康的影响

The Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum LP1511 on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Capacity,Immune Function and Intestinal Health in Broilers

试验旨在研究植物乳杆菌LP1511对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力、免疫功能和肠道健康的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选择180只健康且体重相近的1日龄爱拔益佳肉仔鸡,随机分为3组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,1组和2组分别添加250、500 mg/kg的植物乳杆菌LP1511,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,2组肉鸡1~21 d、22~42 d和1~42 d平均日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),22~42 d和1~42 d平均日采食量和料重比均显著降低(P<0.05)。1组和2组肉鸡屠宰率、全净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率均显著提高(P<0.05),腹脂率均显著降低(P<0.05)。此外,与对照组相比,1组和2组肉鸡血清中总蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性以及免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白M和免疫球蛋白G的含量均显著提高(P<0.05),而血清中三酰甘油、总胆固醇、丙二醛、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。同时,1组和2组肉鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比均显著提高(P<0.05),而十二指肠和回肠的隐窝深度均显著降低(P<0.05),肉鸡空肠中抗氧化基因核因子红素2相关因子2(Nrf2)、过氧化物酶(CAT)、血红素氧合酶(HO-1)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)的mRNA表达量均显著上调(P<0.05)。综上所述,植物乳杆菌LP1511能够促进肉鸡生产性能,提高机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能,并改善肠道形态。其中,500 mg/kg的植物乳杆菌LP1511添加量效果较好。

This study aims to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum LP1511 on the growth per⁃formance,antioxidant capacity,immune function and intestinal health of broilers.A univariate experimen⁃tal design was conducted,selecting 180 healthy and similar weight 1 d AA broilers.They were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups,each containing 6 replicates with 10 chickens in each replicate.The control group(CON group)was fed with basic diet,while 1 and 2 groups were supplemented with 250 and 500 mg/kg of Lactobacillus plantarum LP1511,respectively.The total experimental period lasted 42 days.Compared with the CON group,the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers in the two groups was significantly increased(P<0.05)on 1-21 d,22-42 d,and 1-42 d,while the average daily feed intake(ADFI)and feed to gain(F/G)were significantly reduced on 22-42 d and 1-42 d(P<0.05).The percentage(DP),half-eviscerated weight rate(HEWR),eviscerated weight rate(EWR),pectoral muscle rate(PMR),leg muscle rate(LMR)of broiler chickens in 1 and 2 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the abdominal fat rate(AFR)was significantly reduced(P<0.05).In ad⁃dition,compared with the CON group,the total protein(TP),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities,as well as the content of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin M(IgM),and immunoglobulin G(IgG)in the serum of broilers in 1 and 2 groups were significantly in⁃creased(P<0.05),while the levels of triacylglycerol(TC),total cholesterol(TCHO),malondialdehyde(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and Interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in the serum were significantly in⁃creased(P<0.05).At the same time,the villus height(VH)and villus height/Crypt depth(V/C)in the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum of broilers in 1 and 2 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the crypt depth(CD)in the duodenum and ileum was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The mRNA expres⁃sion levels of antioxidant genes nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(Nrf2),catalase(CAT),heme Oxygenase-1(HO-1),and glutathioneperoxidase(GPX)in the jejunum of broiler chickens were signifi⁃cantly upregulated(P<0.05).In summary,the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum LP1511 can promote the growth and slaughter performance of broilers,enhance the body′s antioxidant and immune functions,and improve intestinal morphology.Notably,the addition of 500 mg/kg of Lactobacillus plantarum LP1511 has the most significant effect.