餐厨垃圾类型对黑水虻生长及体成分的影响

Effects of Different Types of Food Wastes on Growth and Body Composition of Hermetia illucens L.

研究旨在探究餐厨垃圾类型对黑水虻生长及体成分的影响。试验设计3个组,分别为米饭组、米饭+鱼内脏组(米内组)、鱼内脏组(内脏组),将均一的7日龄黑水虻幼虫(初始重7.84 mg,体长5.87 mm)7200只随机划分到9个相同的饲养盒中,每盒800只,每组均设3个重复。试验期间,养殖环境温度28℃,相对湿度65%,每3 d测定一次幼虫生长指标,记录幼虫活动及死亡情况;待内脏组化蛹率为5%时结束试验,并检测虫体内常规成分及脂肪酸含量。结果表明:米内组虫体的生长指标显著优于其他两组(P<0.05),生长发育情况最好;内脏组虫体虽能富集较多的粗蛋白和亚油酸,但虫体生长速度、化蛹率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在脂肪酸沉积方面,米饭组虫体倾向于富集月桂酸(C12∶0),而米内组虫体沉积的Omega-3脂肪酸含量显著高于内脏组(P<0.05)。说明,鱼内脏等富含动物蛋白的餐厨垃圾搭配米饭饲喂黑水虻效果更好。

The purpose of this study was to explore effects of different types of food wastes on the growth and body composition of Hermetia illucens L.three treatment groups were set,namely the rice group,the mixture group(rice and offal),and the offal group.A total of 7200 larvae aged 7 days(initial weight 7.84 mg,body length 5.87 mm)were selected and randomly assigned to 9 boxes of uniform size,800 lar⁃vae per box,with three duplicates for each treatment group.During the experiment,the breeding room temperature was 28℃and the relative humidity was 65%.The growth indicators of larvae were mea⁃sured every 3 days,and the activity and death of larvae were recorded.When the pupation rate of offal group was 5%,the test was finished,and the contents of conventional components and fatty acids in the objects were examined.The results showed that Hermetia illucens L.had the best growth performance and development in the mixture group,and the growth indexes of this group were significantly higher than those of the other 2 groups(P<0.05).In the offal group,the body were rich in crude protein and linoleic acid,while its growth rate and pupation rate were significantly lower than those of the other 2 groups(P<0.05).Hermetia illucens L.in rice group had a higher tendency of intaking lauric acid(C12∶0),while the Omega-3 fatty acids con⁃tained in the body of the mixutre group were sig⁃nificantly higher than that of the offal group.Therefore,food waste,such as offal which con⁃tains high animal protein,produces better perfor⁃mance when matched with rice.