3个甜樱桃品种在不同砧木上的生长结果表现

Growth and Fruiting Performance of Three Sweet Cherry Cultivars on Different Rootstocks

【目的】对9个不同砧穗组合甜樱桃植株的生长结果情况进行调查,明确西北山地条件下各种砧木对不同甜樱桃品种生长结果的影响,为西北地区甜樱桃种植砧穗组合的选择提供理论依据与参考。【方法】以红灯、美早、萨米脱3个甜樱桃品种与中国樱桃、ZY-1、吉塞拉6号3种砧木不同砧穗组合植株为试材,调查研究各砧穗组合的生长及结果情况,了解其生长结果习性。【结果】红灯、美早、萨米脱3个甜樱桃品种与矮化砧木吉塞拉6号组合可以明显降低的树体的高度,吉塞拉6号为砧木的组合较其他组合的花束状果枝比例明显增多,且其坐果率及产量较其他组合显著增多;以吉塞拉6号为砧木的甜樱桃品种生长结果表现优良。【结论】在实际生产中,为促进树体早结果、早丰产、早收益,生长势较强的品种可选择搭配矮化或半矮化砧木,生长势中庸偏弱的品种应尽量避免选用矮化砧木,以免在树体进入盛果期后树体早衰而缩短结果年限。

【Objective】The growth results of nine different rootstock-scion combinations were investigated to clarify the effects of various rootstocks on the growth results of different sweet cherry cultivars under the conditions of northwest mountainous areas,and to provide theoretical basis and reference for the selection of rootstock-scion combinations for sweet cherry planting in northwest China.【Methods】With three sweet cherry cultivars of Hongdeng,Meizao and Samituo and three rootstock-scion combinations of Chinese cherry,ZY-1 and Gisela 6 as test materials,the growth and fruiting of each rootstock-scion combination were investigated,and their growth and fruiting habits were studied.【Results】The combination of three sweet cherry cultivars Hongdeng,Meizao and Summit with dwarf rootstock Gisela 6 could significantly reduce the height of the tree.The combination of Gisela 6 as rootstock had a significantly higher proportion of bouquet fruit branches than other combinations,and its fruit setting rate and yield were significantly higher than other combinations.The sweet cherry cultivars with Gisela 6 as rootstock showed excellent growth and fruiting performance.【Conclusion】In the actual production,in order to promote the early fruiting,early high yield and early income of the tree,the cultivars with strong growth potential can be selected with dwarf or semi-dwarf rootstocks,and the cultivars with weak growth potential should try to avoid the use of dwarf rootstocks,so as to avoid the premature senescence of the tree after the tree enters the full fruit period and shorten the fruiting period.