计量语言学视阈下“去俄化”文字改革对比研究

The Comparative Study of“De-Russification”Reforms of Writing System from the Perspective of Quantitative Linguistics

苏联解体后,在“去俄化”背景下原加盟共和国普遍推行了文字改革。为衡量文字改革的效果,本文采用计量语言学中相关指标,对阿塞拜疆、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌克兰境内使用的8种语言文字改革方案进行了计量评估。结果发现,基里尔文(旧文字)在各项指标表现上总体优于拉丁文(新文字),从文字本身来看各国改革效果并不理想。该成果可为研究“一带一路”国家语言政策、开展语言规划和文字改革实践提供良好借鉴。

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union,amidst the trend of“De-Russification”,the former member republics generally implemented reforms of writing system.To assess the effectiveness of these reforms of writing system,this paper employs metrics from econometrics to quantitatively evaluate eight script reform initiatives employed in Azerbaijan,Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,and Ukraine.The results indicate that Cyrillic script(the older script)generally outperforms Latin script(the newer script)across various metrics,suggesting that the reforms of writing system in different countries have been less than ideal.This finding can provide a good reference for the study of language policies,language planning and reforms of writing system practices in“the Belt and Road Initiative”countries.