钙源厨余垃圾制备羟基磷灰石的可行性研究

Feasibility Study on Preparation of Hydroxyapatite from Kitchen Waste of Calcium Source

目的为了提高钙源厨余垃圾利用率,改善水热合成法制备羟基磷灰石的工艺条件,更好的满足在水体和土壤污染中的修复应用。方法以典型的钙源厨余垃圾鸡蛋壳作为制备材料,采用水热合成法制备羟基磷灰石。通过正交实验筛选羟基磷灰石制备最佳工艺,并利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、及比表面积检测(BET)对其结构和合成产率进行表征分析,并探讨了羟基磷灰石制备主要影响因素钙磷摩尔比和陈化时间对合成产率的影响。结果鸡蛋壳制备羟基磷灰石的最佳工艺条件为pH值9.5,振荡时间3h,振荡温度70℃,煅烧时间1h;XRD与FTIR分析明确了制备得到的产物为羟基磷灰石,SEM表明羟基磷灰石微观形貌主要为棒状和片状,BET表明羟基磷灰石的比表面积、孔容和孔径分别为12.4m^(2)/g、0.18cm^(3)/g和58.12nm;通过调整钙磷摩尔比可以提升羟基磷灰石的合成产率至70.4%,延长陈化时间可以改善羟基磷灰石表面的晶体形貌和团聚现象。结论鸡蛋壳作为典型的钙源厨余垃圾,可以实现低成本地制备羟基磷灰石,应用到环境污染修复中。

Objective In order to the utilization rate of calcium source kitchen waste,improve the process conditions of hydroxyapatite prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method and better meet the repair application in water and soil pollution.Methods Hydroxyapatite was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using typical calcium source kitchen waste eggshell as the preparation material.The optimum preparation process of hydroxyapatite was screened by orthogonal experiment,and its structure and synthesis yield were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and specific surface area detection(BET).The effects of calcium-phosphorus molar ratio and aging time on the synthesis yield were discussed.Results The optimum conditions for the preparation of hydroxyapatite from egg shell were pH 9.5,oscillation time 3 hours,oscillation temperature 70℃,calcination time 1 hour XRD and FTIR analysis confirmed that the prepared product was hydroxyapatite.SEM showed that the microstructure of hydroxyapatite was mainly rod-like and flake-like.BET showed that the specific surface area,pore volume and pore size of hydroxyapatite were 12.4m^(2)/g,0.18cm^(3)/g and 58.12nm,respectively.The synthesis yield of hydroxyapatite increased to 70.4%by adjusting the molar ratio of calcium to phosphorus,and the crystal morphology and agglomeration of hydroxyapatite surface improved by prolonging the aging time.Conclusion As a typical calcium source kitchen waste,egg shell be used to prepare hydroxyapatite at low cost and applied to environmental pollution remediation.