不同LED光质对设施西瓜和南瓜幼苗生长及荧光特性的影响

Effects of Different LED Light Qualities on the Growth and Fluorescence Characteristics of Facility Watermelon and Pumpkin Seedlings

以西瓜‘京欣4号’和南瓜‘京欣砧4号’为试材,设置LED纯白光为对照(CK),红蓝光间隔1h交替(R/B1)、红蓝混合光(RB)、红蓝光间隔6h交替(R/B6)、纯蓝光(B)和纯红光(R)6个处理,在全人工光型植物工厂中开展试验,以探究西瓜和南瓜幼苗生长发育的最佳光配方。结果表明:(1)R/B6处理下西瓜幼苗株高、茎粗的绝对生长率和叶面积分别较对照提高77.2%、110.7%和68.5%,R/B1处理西瓜幼苗定植后40d叶片数较对照显著提高78.6%(P<0.05);R/B1处理南瓜幼苗株高的绝对生长率和定植后40d的叶片数分别较对照显著提高211%和18%(P<0.05),茎粗的绝对生长率较对照提高85%。(2)R处理西瓜和南瓜幼苗粗多糖含量分别较对照提高25.5%和13.4%(P<0.05),B处理西瓜幼苗粗蛋白含量较对照提高9.4%,定植后10~40d,RB处理西瓜和南瓜幼苗叶绿素含量均较高,其中,RB处理定植后40d西瓜和南瓜幼苗的叶绿素含量分别较对照提高1.8%和0.3%。(3)定植后40d,B和R/B6处理西瓜幼苗PIabs分别较对照提高2.8倍和1.1倍;R/B1和R/B6处理南瓜幼苗PIabs分别较对照提高1.1倍和34%。综上,对西瓜和南瓜幼苗进行红蓝光交替照射可有效提高西瓜和南瓜幼苗的生长发育,增强叶绿素荧光性能,而蓝光可增加粗蛋白含量,红光可增加粗多糖含量。因此,当西瓜和南瓜幼苗统一培养时,红蓝交替光可最大程度地提高幼苗质量,可为工厂化生产提供优质幼苗。

Watermelon Jing xin No.4 and pumpkin Jingxinzhen No.4 were used as test materials,and LED pure white light was taken as control(CK).Five treatments were set,namely,red-blue light alternating at 1 hour interval(R/B1),red-blue mixed light(RB),red-blue light alternating at 6 hours interval(R/B6),pure blue light(B)and pure red light(R).Besides,experiments were carried out in a fully artificial light plant to delve into the optimal light formula for the growth and development of watermelon and Pumpkin seedlings.The results showed as follows:(1)the absolute growth rate of plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of watermelon seedlings under R/B6 treatment were increased by 77.2%,110.7% and 68.5% compared with the control,respectively;the number of leaves of watermelon seedlings under R/B1 treatment was significantly increased by 78.6% compared with the control at 40d(P<0.05).Under R/B1 treatment,the absolute growth rate of pumpkin seedling height and the number of leaves at 40d after planting were significantly increased by 211% and 18%(P<0.05),respectively,and the absolute growth rate of stem diameter was increased by 85%.(2)The crude polysaccharide content of watermelon and pumpkin seedlings under R treatment was increased by 25.5% and 13.4% compared with the control(P<0.05),and the crude protein content of watermelon seedlings under B treatment was increased by 9.4% compared with the control,and the chlorophyll content of watermelon and pumpkin seedlings under RB treatment was higher than that under the control 10 to 40 days after planting.Watermelon and pumpkin seedlings treated with RB showed a 1.8% and 0.3% increase in chlorophyll content,respectively,on the 40th day after planting,compared to control plants.(3)At 40th day after implantation,PIabs of watermelon seedlings under B and R/B6 treatments were 2.8 times and 1.1 times higher than that of control,respectively.Pumpkin seedlings treated with R/B1 and R/B6 had 110% times and 34% higher PIabs,respectively,than control seedlings.In summary,alternating irradiation of watermelon and pumpkin seedlings with red and blue light effectively improved the growth and development of watermelon and pumpkin seedlings and enhanced the chlorophyll fluorescence performance,while blue light can increased the crude protein content and red light can increase the crude polysaccharide content.Thus,when watermelon and pumpkin seedlings are cultured in a uniform manner,alternating red and blue light can maximize the seedling quality and provide high-quality seedlings for factory production.