个人信息跨境保护的国际软法之治与中国路径

International Soft Law in Governance of Cross-Border Protection of Personal Information and China’s Path

在个人信息跨境保护方面,国际硬法难以高效地进行调整,国际软法呈现出显要的理论价值与现实意义。个人信息跨境保护的国际软法已经形成以政府力量推进的监管型规则与非政府力量促成的市场型规则的公私格局,承担着规则补充与精神引领的特殊功能。然而,国际软法在适用方式与透明度方面存在不确定性,为充分发挥个人信息跨境保护国际软法的功能,国际社会应高度重视国际软法制定的程序正当性与多方协作性。我国应以人类命运共同体理念为指引,推动国际软法治理平台的多边化,以市场型规则促进国际软法与国际硬法的衔接共治,为全球数据治理贡献中国经验。

In the realm of cross-border protection of personal information,the adjustment of international hard law faces challenges in achieving efficiency and effectiveness.Meanwhile,international soft law exhibits prominent theoretical value and practical significance.The international soft law governing the cross-border protection of personal information has evolved into a public-private framework characterized by regulatory rules propelled by government and market-oriented rules facilitated by non-governmental actors.This framework assumes a special role in providing supplementary regulations and guiding principles.However,there is uncertainties in the application and transparency of relevant soft law.To fully harness the functionality of international soft law in cross-border personal information protection,the international community should continually enhance the procedural legitimacy and multi-stakeholder collaboration in the formulation of international soft law.China should be guided by the concept of a community of shared future for mankind and propel the diversification of international soft law governance platforms and foster market-oriented regulations that facilitate a seamless connection between the systems of international soft and hard laws.By doing so,China can contribute its valuable experiences to the global landscape of data governance.