闵行区马桥地区青少年屈光发育的影响因素及视功能调节训练对眼调节异常的干预效果

Influencing Factors of Refractive Development of Adolescents in Maqiao Area of the Minhang District and Intervention Effect of Visual Function Adjustment Training on Ocular Dysregulation

【目的】分析闵行区马桥地区青少年屈光发育影响因素及视功能调节训练对眼调节异常的干预效果。【方法】采用整群抽样法选取2018年1月至2022年1月在闵行区马桥地区参加学校屈光筛查的520例中小学生,按照屈光度检测结果分成屈光正常组(n=273)和屈光异常组(n=247)。采用日常用眼问卷收集所有参与者的年龄、性别、身高、家族史、户外活动时间、使用视频播放媒介等一般资料;采用Logistic回归模型分析青少年屈光发育的影响因素。对其中45例参与者采用不同视频播放媒介(平板电脑、台式电脑、电视投屏)干预30 min后,比较不同干预组的眼调节异常发生情况,对眼调节异常者采用视功能调节训练干预,分析视功能调节训练前、训练后3个月和6个月不同年龄段(>12岁、≤12岁)青少年患者的视功能改善情况。【结果】Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄>12岁、户外活动时间<4 h、近距离用眼时间>6 h、使用平板是闵行区马桥地区青少年屈光发育的影响因素(P<0.05)。不同视频播放媒介干预后,平板电脑组的眼调节异常率显著高于台式电脑组和电视投屏组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。视功能调节训练干预后,所有参与者的调节滞后值均降低,调节灵敏度升高;≤12岁组的调节滞后值低于>12岁组(P<0.05),调节灵敏度高于>12岁组(P<0.05)。【结论】年龄、户外活动时间、近距离用眼时间以及使用电子产品类型是闵行区马桥地区青少年屈光发育的影响因素。使用的视频播放媒介屏幕越大、时间越少,调节滞后值低,眼调节功能训练对≤12岁青少年的调节滞后改善效果更佳。

【Objective】To analyze the influence factors of refractive development and the effect of visual function adjustment training on eye dysregulation in adolescents in Maqiao area of Minhang District.【Methods】A total of 520 primary and secondary school students who participated in school refraction screening in Maqiao area of the Minhang District from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected by cluster sampling method and divided into the normal refraction group(n=273)and the abnormal refraction group(n=247)according to the results of the refraction test.General information such as age,sex,height,family history,time spent outdoors and use of video media were collected by daily eye questionnaire.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of adolescent refractive development.45 of the participants were treated with different video media(tablet computer,desktop computer,TV screen)for 30 minutes after intervention,the occurrence of abnormal eye regulation in different intervention groups was compared,and visual function adjustment training intervention was applied to those with abnormal eye regulation.The improvement of visual function in different age groups(>12 years old,≤12 years old)was analyzed before,3 months and 6 months after visual function adjustment training.【Results】Logistic regression analysis showed that age>12 years old,outdoor activity time<4 h,close eye time>6 h and tablet use were the influencing factors for refractive development of adolescents in Maqiao area of Minhang District(P<0.05).After the intervention of different video playback media,the rate of eye dysregulation in tablet group was significantly higher than that in desktop group and TV projection group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention of visual function adjustment training,the adjustment lag value of all participants decreased,and the adjustment sensitivity increased.The adjustment lag value of≤12 years old group was lower than that of>12 years old group(P<0.05),and the adjustment sensitivity was higher than that of>12 years old group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Age,outdoor activity time,close eye use time and electronic products use type are the influencing factors of refractive development of adolescents in Maqiao area of the Minhang District.The larger the screen and the less time of video playback media used,the lower the adjustment lag value,and the better the effect of eye adjustment function training on the adjustment lag of adolescents≤12 years old.