大遗址向国家考古遗址公园转化的区域差异性研究

Research on Regional Differences in the Transformation of Large Archaeological Sites into National Archaeological Site Parks

大遗址和国家考古遗址公园是遗址保护开发的重要方式,在全国尺度下分析不同地区大遗址的数量和向国家考古遗址公园转化的比率,有助于大遗址和国家考古遗址公园的合理布局。以文化地理分区、社会经济规模、遗址(公园)与城市的距离等作为影响因素,讨论全国大遗址数量和转化率的空间分布差异性。结果表明:大遗址和国家考古遗址公园的最近邻距离指数都小于1,呈聚集型分布,但转化率存在空间不平衡的情况。在文化地理分区中,中国东部农业文化区大遗址的转化率更高。在经济区域尺度上,大遗址转化率与经济发展的关系存在协同共进、经济进取、遗址关注和消极滞后四种类型。除西北地区外,城市近郊的大遗址更容易转化为国家考古遗址公园。

Large archaeological sites and national archaeological site parks are important ways of protecting and developing sites.Analyzing the number of large archaeological sites in different regions and their conversion rates to national archaeological site parks at a national scale can help to build a rational layout of large archaeological sites and national archaeological site parks.Taking cultural geographic zoning,social economic scale,and the distance between the archaeological site(park)and city as influencing factors,this paper discusses the spatial distribution differences in the number and conversion rates of large archaeological sites across the country.The results show that the nearest neighboring distance index of both the large archaeological sites and national archaeological site parks is less than 1,indicating a clustering distribution,but there is a spatial imbalance in the conversion rate.In terms of cultural geographic zoning,the conversion rate of large archaeological sites is higher in the Eastern Agricultural Cultural Region of China.At the economic regional scale,there are four types of relationships between the conversion rate of large archaeological sites and economic development:synergistic progress,economic ambition,archaeological site attention,and negative lag.Except for the suburbs of cities in the northwest region,large archaeological sites in the suburbs of cities are more likely to be converted into national archaeological site parks.