考虑CAV与公交车比的混合交通流特性

Characteristics of the mixed traffic flow considering the ratio between CAVs and buses

为探究网联环境下汽车和公交车组成的混合交通流特性,考虑驾驶员行为改进Gipps安全距离规则,结合美国path实验室提出的自适应巡航(Adaptive Cruise Control,ACC)、协同自适应巡航(Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control,CACC)跟驰模型加速度定义,构建异质流元胞自动机模型。通过数值仿真实验,分析网联自动驾驶车辆(Connected Autonomous Vehicles,CAV)与公交车辆混入比例对交通流通行能力、行驶速度、道路拥堵的影响。结果表明:随着CAV比例的提高,道路通行能力增大,临界密度增大;当道路上车辆组成仅为CAV车辆时,通行能力提升2.45倍、临界密度提高2.84倍;当CAV比例为0.5,随着公交车比例的增加,道路随机多发的轻微拥堵明显减少,通行能力、平均行驶速度略微减小。网联车能有效提高道路通行能力和行驶速度、减少拥堵,且随着公交车比例的提高,网联公交车更易形成队列,使道路拥堵得到明显改善。

In order to explore the mixed traffic flow characteristics of automobiles and buses in the Internet of Vehicles environment,a heterogeneous cellular automaton model is constructed by considering driver behavior improvements to the Gipps safety distance rule and incorporating the acceleration definitions of the ACC and CACC follow models proposed by the U.S.Path Laboratory.Through numerical simulation experiments,we analyzed the impact of the proportion of connected and autonomous vehicles and buses on traffic flow capacity,travel speed,and road congestion.The results show that:as the proportion of CAVs increases,the road capacity increases,and the critical density also increases.When the road is exclusively composed of CAVs,the capacity increases by 2.45 times,and the critical density increases by 2.84 times.When the CAV proportion is 0.5,as the proportion of buses increases,the occurrence of random small congestion on the road gradually decreases,and the traffic capacity and average travel speed slightly decrease.Integrating connected vehicles effectively improves road capacity and driving speed,reduces congestion,and with an increase in the proportion of buses,connected buses are more likely to form queues,leading to a significant improvement in traffic congestion on the roads.