高端服务业支撑全球城市建设:内在机理、共性规律与中国路径

Global City Construction Supported by Advanced Service Industry:Internal Mechanisms,General Principles and China's Strategy

随着我国社会经济的快速发展和国际地位的迅速提高,北京、上海、深圳等社会主义现代化国际大都市在世界城市体系中的地位和作用不断提升,京沪深相继提出建设全球城市或世界城市的目标。总结以伦敦、纽约、东京为代表的全球城市的产业发展经验可以发现,它们均着眼全球大力推动服务业发展,经过多年积累,逐渐形成了以生产性服务业为主导,以发达的专业化服务体系、活跃的文化创意产业为核心的完善的现代服务业体系,以及服务全球的资源配置能力,其服务业发展呈现出高端、开放、包容、多元、创新的特点和趋势。这意味着,加快发展高端服务业有助于全球城市占领全球经济制高点、提高全球资源配置能力、获得更加广泛的全球知名度和文化影响力,要建成全球城市,必须让高端服务业发挥关键作用,构建完善的现代服务业体系和服务全球的资源配置能力。而相比之下,我国顶级大城市在高端服务业发展方面还存在明显差距,我国建设全球城市面临的最大挑战之一就是高端服务业发展不足,竞争力不强。因此,北京、上海、深圳要把发展高端服务业作为关键着力点,积极发展高能级城市服务、加快发展高端制造业服务、全力提升高品质生活服务,以此支撑全球城市建设。具体而言,应从五个方面发力:一是扩大对外开放,培育服务业国际竞争新优势;二是强化高端引领,完善高端制造服务支撑体系;三是激活文创资源,彰显城市创新与创意活力;四是深化区域合作,探索协同发展新模式;五是完善人才政策体系,增强人才全球吸引力,把京沪深打造成全球高端人才最向往的集聚地。

With the rapid development of China's socio-economic landscape and its rising international status,socialist modernized international metropolises such as Beijing,Shanghai,and Shenzhen have steadily enhanced their roles and positions in the global city system.These cities have successively proposed goals to become global or world cities.A review of the industrial development experiences of leading global cities,represented by London,New York,and Tokyo,reveals that they have focused on advancing the service sector globally.Over years of accumulation,they have developed a modern service system dominated by producer services,characterized by a well-established professional service structure and a vibrant cultural and creative industry at its core,along with their capability to allocate resources on a global scale.Their service industry development exhibits features of high-end,open,inclusive,diverse,and innovative trends.This suggests that accelerating the development of advanced services is key for global cities to capture the economic high ground,enhance global resource allocation capabilities,and gain broader global recognition and cultural influence.To build global cities,the advanced service industry must play a crucial role in constructing a comprehensive modern service system and enhancing the capacity for global resource allocation.In contrast,China's leading cities still face significant gaps in the development of advanced services,and one of the major challenges in constructing global cities in China is the underdevelopment and lack of competitiveness of the advanced service sector.Therefore,Beijing,Shanghai,and Shenzhen must focus on advancing high-end services as a strategic priority.This includes actively promoting high-level urban services,accelerating the development of advanced manufacturing services,and striving to enhance high-quality lifestyle services to support the construction of global cities.Specifically,efforts should be concentrated in five areas:first,expanding openness to cultivate new international competitive advantages in the service sector;second,strengthening high-end leadership to improve the advanced manufacturing service support system;third,activating cultural and creative resources to showcase the city's innovation and creative vitality;fourth,deepening regional cooperation to explore new models of coordinated development;and fifth,refining talent policy systems to enhance global talent attraction,making Beijing,Shanghai,and Shenzhen the most desirable gathering places for global high-end talent.