基于社区需求的城市滨水区更新研究&&纽约布鲁克林大桥公园的建设历程及启示

Study on Urban Waterfront Renewal Based on Community Needs:Enlightenments from the Development of Brooklyn Bridge Park in New York City

在当前提倡城市“双修”和优化城市存量空间的背景下,城市滨水区面临着更新的机遇与挑战。沿岸社区是更新中重要的参与主体,其与滨水区环境建立了紧密联系,也体现出与决策层、开发商不同的更新需求。美国纽约市布鲁克林大桥公园通过近30年的持续建设,充分发掘滨水区的生态、景观与休闲价值,将原本的航运码头转化成充满活力的城市公共空间,目前成为全球知名的城市滨水区典范。本研究聚焦布鲁克林大桥公园的建设历程,梳理社区团体在公园建设中的参与历程;从滨水活动空间、地段风貌保护及工业遗迹再生等方面剖析本案例的特色;从参与主体的团队合作、参与策略及自身发展等方面进行总结,以期为我国城市滨水区更新、城市活力提升及人性化场所营造提供借鉴与启发。

Under the background of promoting urban“dual repair”and optimizing the existing urban stock space,waterfront areas are facing the opportunities and challenges for renewal.The waterfront communities are crucial participants in the renewal process.They have established close ties with the waterfront environment,and thus have unique renewal needs compared to the decision-makers and developers.After a 30-year continuous construction,Brooklyn Bridge Park in New York City,USA has fully leveraged the ecological,landscape and leisure value of the waterfront area,and transformed the original piers into a vibrant urban public space.It has now become a world-renowned urban waterfront area.This paper focuses on the development of Brooklyn Bridge Park,and sorts out the participations of community in the construction of the park.The paper analyzes the characteristics of this case from the aspects of waterfront activity space,city skyline protection and industrial heritage regeneration.The community teamwork,participation strategies and internal development of the participants are summarized to provide references and inspirations for the renewal of urban waterfront areas,the enhancement of urban vitality and the creation of humanistic places in China.