认知与现实:雷舍尔方法论转向的实用主义思想分析

Cognition and Reality: An Analysis of the Pragmatic Thought in Rescher's Methodological Turn

认知与现实问题一直以来争论不休,尼古拉斯·雷舍尔以其独到的实用主义视角,考察了认知现实的过程当中认知主体与外部世界之间的动态相互作用。关注满足认知目标充分性的方法论层面的功能性需求,提出一种评估人类普遍事业中理性实践的适当标准的实用主义。现实的复杂性与认知的局限性在他的概念框架下以实用主义的立场为根基形成了一个协调发展的融贯系统,这有助于在实在论与反实在论之争以及客观主义与主观主义之争的中间地带找到利于理性生长的节点。他对皮尔士客观主义实用主义的扬弃,以及与具有虚无主义危险的后现代主义的背离,也为现行实用主义与认知哲学的辩证融合发展提供了新视野。

The debate surrounding cognition and reality has been ongoing, and Nicholas Rescher has examined the dynamic interaction between cognitive subjects and the external world in the process of cognitive reality from his unique pragmatic perspective. He focuses on the functional needs at the methodological level to meet the sufficiency of cognitive goals, proposing a pragmatic approach to assessing appropriate standards for rational practices in universal human endeavors. In his conceptual framework, he integrates the the complexity of reality and the limitations of cognition forming a system that facilitates the discovery of nodes conducive to rational growth amidst debates between realism and anti-realism, as well as objectivism and subjectivism. His rejection of Peircean objectivism and pragmatism, as well as his departure from postmodernism with its nihilistic dangers, also offer new perspectives for dialectical integration and development within current pragmatism and cognitive philosophy.