论非物质文化遗产的宪法保护

On the Constitutional Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage

非物质文化遗产现有法律保护体系的不足和非物质文化遗产权的基本权利属性共同决定了非物质文化遗产需要宪法保护。《非物质文化遗产法》需要依据《宪法》的学理依据在于其合法性源于《宪法》以及其本身是对《宪法》中相关内容和精神的具体化。我国《宪法》虽未直接规定公民享有非物质文化遗产权,但通过解释宪法文本可以发现,我国《宪法》对公民的非物质文化遗产权作了间接性表达,并且明确规定了国家负有保护非物质文化遗产的义务。

The inadequacy of the existing legal protection system of intangible cultural heritage and the fundamental rights of intangible cultural heritage together determine that intangible cultural heritage needs constitutional protection.The Intangible Cultural Heritage Law needs to be based on the Constitution,because its legitimacy is derived from the Constitution and it itself is a materialization of the relevant content and spirit of the Constitution.Although the Constitution of China does not directly stipulate the rights of citizens to intangible cultural heritage,it can be found through the interpretation of the constitutional text that the Constitution of China indirectly expresses the rights of citizens to intangible cultural heritage and clearly stipulates that the state has the obligation to protect intangible cultural heritage.