温压炸药配方及毁伤评估研究进展

Advances in Formulation and Damage Assessment of Thermobaric Explosive

温压炸药是一种富燃料炸药,可依靠爆炸和燃烧2种释能方式产生的长时间压力以及高温火球对密闭空间内设施、人员等造成极大的毁伤效果。其造成的温压毁伤是一种多尺度、多物质、多因素、多物理场的耦合过程,涉及到爆轰波在装药中传播,燃料粒子在空间的抛洒以及燃料粒子的后续燃烧过程,是毁伤领域的重要研究方向。综述了温压炸药配方设计理论基础、主要配方组分对温压炸药性能的影响以及温压炸药性能评估的研究进展。在温压炸药配方设计和应用研究方面,指出高化学潜能的金属燃料及解决温压炸药的能量释放手段是温压炸药未来的发展方向,建立温压炸药配方及其特征参数数据库、高通量计算模型,建立温压毁伤元能量输出与目标响应程度之间的关系,大幅提高温压炸药的综合毁伤效能;在温压炸药毁伤效应与评估技术研究方面,毁伤评估向精确定量、实时评估方向发展,重点开展冲击波冲量、准静态压力、后燃反应火球模型为代表的关键模型参数的测试技术研究,对其参数进行修正或者引入新的参量来优化温压毁伤模型,为闭合作战杀伤链提供支撑。

Thermobaric explosive is an fuel-rich explosive that can inflict severe damage to facilities and personnel in confined spaces due to the long-term pressure generated by explosion and combustion,as well as high-temperature fireballs.Thermobaric explosive involves the propagation of detonation waves in the charge,the scattering of fuel particles in space,and the subsequent combustion process of fuel particles.The coupling process of multi-scale,multi-material,multi-factor and multi-physical field causes the thermostatic damages,which is a significant area of damage research.This paper primarily discusses the research advances in the theoretical underpinnings of formulation design,the impact of formulation's primary components on thermobaric explosive performance and the performance evaluation of thermobaric explosive.It highlights that the future developments in thermobaric explosives will focus on the high chemical potential metal fuels and energy release techniques.Models for simulating the performance of thermobaric explosives should also be highly regarded.In conclusion,the formulation design based on large-scale data from simulations and tests will be a mainstay for driving the development of thermobaric explosives.