线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部破片飞散特性及规律

Dispersion Characteristics and Rule of Fragments of Linear Focusing Fragment Warhead

线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部通过装药母线设计和破片排布设计,使破片等速线性飞散聚焦,可对目标造成结构性切割毁伤。为研究线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部结构参数对破片飞散聚焦行为的影响规律,采用流固耦合算法开展线性聚焦战斗部破片聚焦过程数值模拟。数值模拟结果揭示线性聚焦式杀伤战斗部破片线性聚焦机理,典型线性聚焦过程包括破片驱动阶段、破片聚焦阶段、聚焦完成阶段和破片发散阶段。通过数值模拟获得战斗部尺寸、破片排布、破片质量以及交汇速度对破片飞散特性和穿孔分布的影响规律。研究结果表明:随装药长度从0.3 m增加至0.5 m,破片速度标准差从125 m/s增加至147 m/s,聚焦完成时间分别为490μs、585μs和590μs,穿孔分布宽度从135 mm增加至234 mm;随破片排布从15列增加至18列,破片速度标准差从117 m/s增加至125 m/s,聚焦完成时间分别为470μs和490μs,穿孔分布宽度分别为235 mm和135 mm;随破片质量从4.08 g增加至9.21 g,破片速度标准差从137 m/s降低至125 m/s,聚焦完成时间分别为380μs和490μs,穿孔分布宽度分别为156 mm和135 mm;随交汇速度从0 m/s增加至1 000 m/s,聚焦完成时间分别为490μs、480μs和469μs,穿孔分布宽度从135 mm增加至138 mm,破片密度从640枚/m^(2)降低至630枚/m^(2),降幅约2%。研究结果能为聚焦战斗部设计提供支撑。

Linear focusing fragment warhead makes the fragments disperse at an equal velocity and focus linearly by taking advantage of the design of charge generatrix and fragment arrangement,which can exert structural cutting damage to a target.In order to study the influence of structural parameters of linear focusing fragment warhead on the dispersion characteristics of fragments,the fluid-structure interaction(FSI)algorithm is used to numerically simulated the focusing process of fragments.The numerically simulated results reveal the linear focusing mechanism of linear focusing fragment warhead.The typical linear focusing process includes fragment driving stage,fragment focusing stage,focusing completion stage and fragment dispersion stage.The effects of warhead size,fragment arrangement,fragment mass and intersection velocity on the dispersion and spatial distribution characteristics of fragments are further obtained by numerical simulation.The results show that,with the increase in charge length from 0.3 m to 0.5 m,the standard deviation of fragment velocity increases from 125 m/s to 147 m/s,the focusing completion time is 490μs,585μs and 590μs,respectively,and the width of perforation dense distribution increases from 135 mm to 234 mm.When the fragment arrangement increases from 15 columns to 18 columns,the standard deviation of fragment velocity increases from 117 m/s to 125 m/s,the focusing completion time is 470μs and 490μs,respectively,and the width of perforation dense distribution increases from 235 mm and 135 mm respectively.When the fragment mass increases from 4.08 g to 9.21 g,the standard deviation of fragment velocity decreases from 137 m/s to 125 m/s,the focusing completion time is 380μs and 490μs,and the width of perforation dense distribution is 156 mm and 135 mm,respectively.When the interaction speed increases from 0 m/s to 1000 m/s,the focusing completion time is 490μs,480μs and 469μs,respectively,the width of perforation dense distribution increases from 135 mm to 138 mm,and the density of fragment distribution decreases from 640/m^(2) to 630/m^(2) with a rate of about 2%.The research results can provide guidance and reference for the design of focusing warhead.