超声辅助沙棘果油提取及脂质组分分析

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Sea Buckthorn Fruit Oil and Analysis of Its Lipid Fractions

为提高沙棘果油得率,阐明水法脱胶对沙棘果油脂质组成及含量的影响,采用响应面法优化超声辅助沙棘果油提取工艺,并利用UPLC-HRMS技术分析沙棘果油及脱胶沙棘果油的脂质组成和含量。结果表明:超声功率160 W、超声时间30 min、液料比30 mL/g,在此条件下沙棘果油得率为57.29%;UPLC-HRMS技术共检测出脂质分子113种;沙棘果油中检测到86种,脱胶沙棘果油62种,共有的脂质分子35种,通过VIP≥1,P<0.01共筛选出17种差异性脂质,脱胶后沙棘果油中甘油三酯及甘油二酯含量分别升高了55.75、4.73μmol/g;磷脂含量降低,其中磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰肌醇的含量分别降低了1.79、36.75、1.68μmol/g;磷脂酰乙醇胺、溶血磷脂酰胆碱、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺被完全脱除。

In order to improve the yield of sea buckthorn fruit oil and to elucidate the effects of degumming in water on the lipid composition and content of sea buckthorn fruit oil,in this paper,the ultrasound-assisted extraction of sea buckthorn fruit oil was optimized using response surface methodology,and the lipid composition and content of sea buckthorn fruit oil and degummed sea buckthorn fruit oil was analyzed using UPLC-HRMS technology.The results indicated that the yield of sea buckthorn fruit oil was 57.29%under the conditions of 160 W of ultrasonic power,30 min of ultrasonic time and 30 mL/g of liquid/feed ratio;a total of 113 lipid molecules were detected by UPLC-HRMS technique;86 were detected in sea buckthorn fruit oil,62 in degummed sea buckthorn fruit oil,and 35 shared lipid molecules.A total of 17 differential lipids were screened by VIP≥1,P<0.01.The triglyceride and diglyceride contents of sea buckthorn fruit oil after degumming were elevated by 55.75 and 4.73μmol/g,respectively;the phospholipid contents were reduced,among which the contents of phosphatidylglycerol,phosphatidylcholine,and phosphatidylinositol were reduced by 1.79,36.75,and 1.68μmol/g,respectively;phosphatidylethanolamine,lysophosphatidylcholine,and lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine were completely removed.