具身智能及其在自主无人系统的应用研究

Embodied Intelligence and its Application in Autonomous Unmanned Systems

具身智能是人工智能发展的新范式。随着大模型和强化学习的发展,具身智能正在从理论走向现实。作为人工智能的天然载体,无人系统也取得了长足进步,但目前的无人系统仍然不具备动态复杂环境中的全自主行为能力,通过引入具身智能的概念,将形成新一代的自主无人系统。首先介绍了具身智能和自主无人系统的基本概念,指出自主无人系统需要在与环境的交互中自主学习,实现自主感知、决策和行动;其次总结了自主无人系统实现具身智能的两种途径,主要包括大模型和强化学习技术,分析了在具身感知认知、具身规划决策、具身行动控制三个方面的应用;最后展望了具身智能下一步研究需要重点关注的问题,包括轻量化、群体协同、全自主、人机共融等,以期实现基于具身智能的全自主无人系统。

Embodied intelligence is a new paradigm in artificial intelligence.With the development of large models and reinforcement learning,embodied intelligence is moving from theory to reality.As the natural carrier of artificial intelligence,unmanned systems have also made considerable progress,but current unmanned systems still lack the ability to perform autonomous behaviors in dynamic and complex environments.By introducing the concept of embodied intelligence,a new generation of autonomous unmanned systems will be formed.This paper first introduces the basic concepts of embodied intelligence and autonomous unmanned systems,pointing out that autonomous unmanned systems need to autonomously learn through interaction with the environment to achieve autonomous perception,decision-making,and action.Secondly,it summarizes the two approaches to achieving embodied intelligence in autonomous unmanned systems,including large models and reinforcement learning technology,and analyzes their applications in embodied perception cognition,embodied planning and decision-making,and embodied action control.Finally,it looks forward to the key issues that need to be addressed in the next stage of embodied intelligence research,including lightweighting,group coordination,full autonomy,and human-machine integration,with the goal of achieving a fully autonomous unmanned system based on embodied intelligence.