罗念庵“收摄保聚”之学的易学渊源

On The Yi-ology Source of The Idea of Luo Nianan's study on"Absorption and Preservation"

明代心学家罗念庵之学“凡三变”,“收摄保聚”为其最后的思想宗旨,这一主张具有深厚的易学背景。他将邵雍先天图转化为对心体流行的刻画,认为天地生机起于“逆反归静”,则道德修养亦以“收摄保聚”为先。罗念庵基于其先天学思想,认为《剥》《复》之际为心体显现处,赋予心体渊寂不可测之意涵,同时,他还以艮卦所论“思之位”来说明心体贯通寂感、动静、内外。基于“逆反归静”的思维方式,罗念庵大力发挥前人“洗心退藏于密”的心学工夫,将“艮背”与《大学》“止于至善”相结合,并以“知几”之学来诠释收摄保聚之学,说明工夫的无间断。

The Ming Dynasty Neo-Confucian philosopher Luo Nian'an's school of thought underwent"three changes",and his final philosophical tenet was"Shoushebaoju".This proposition had a profound background in the study of the Book of Changes(I Ching).He transformed Shao Yong's Xian Tian Tu(Diagram of the Original Nature)into a portrayal of the prevalence of the mind,arguing that the vitality of heaven and earth originated from"returning to stillness through reversal,"and that moral cultivation also prioritizes"Shoushebaoju."Based on his congenital theory,Luo Nian'an believed that the juncture between the hexagrams of"Bo"and"Ru"was where the essence of the mind manifested,endowing the mind with profound and inscrutable meanings.Meanwhile,he also used the hexagram of Gen to illustrate the mind's integration of stillness and sensation,movement and stillness,as well as internal and external aspects.Drawing from the thinking pattern of"returning to stillness through reversal,"Luo Nian'an vigorously developed the previous Neo-Confucian practice of"washing the heart and retreating into secrecy."He combined the concept of"Gen bei"with the"reaching the utmost of goodness"from The Great Learning,and interpreted the art of"Shoushebaoju"through the study of"Zhiji".Through this,he explained the uninterrupted nature of the efforts and dedication to self-cultivation.