城市排水系统中挥发性有机污染物检测及处理措施研究

Research on detection and treatment measure of volatile organic pollutant in urban drainage system

针对目标城市污水排水系统中挥发性有机污染物含量超标的问题,以排水系统出水端水样为研究对象,对水样中的典型挥发性有机污染物含量进行了检测,并在原有混凝处理工艺的基础上进行改进,形成了混凝+活性炭吸附处理工艺,优化了相关处理参数。结果表明:经原有混凝工艺处理后,污水中三种挥发性有机污染物的含量均较高,无法达到GB 18918—2002中规定的排放要求。D型活性炭对污水的处理效果最好;活性炭的投加量越大,吸附时间越长,污水中挥发性有机污染物的含量越小,去除率越大;随着污水p H值的升高,污水中挥发性有机污染物的含量先减小后增大,去除率则先增大后减小。确定最佳处理参数为选择活性炭类型为D型、投加质量浓度为150 mg/L,吸附时间为6 h,污水p H值为5,此时污水中三种挥发性有机污染物的含量均能达到GB 18918—2002中规定的排放要求。

In response to the problem of excessive volatile organic pollutant content in the target urban sewage drainage system,the typical volatile organic pollutant content in the water sample at the outlet of the drainage system was detected,the original coagulation treatment process was improved to form a coagulation+activated carbon adsorption treatment process,and the relevant treatment parameters were optimized.The results showed that after the original coagulation process,the contents of three volatile organic pollutants in the sewage were all relatively high,unable to meet the discharge requirements specified in GB 18918—2002.D-type activated carbon had the best treatment effect on sewage.The larger the amount of activated carbon added,the longer the adsorption time,the lower the content of volatile organic pollutants in sewage,and the higher the removal rate.As the pH value of the sewage increased,the content of volatile organic pollutants in the sewage first decreased and then increased,whereas the removal rate first increased and then decreased.The optimal treatment parameters were determined to be D-type activated carbon,with a mass concentration of 150 mg/L of activated carbon added,an adsorption time of 6 hours,and a sewage pH value of 5.Under such conditions,the contents of the three volatile organic pollutants in the sewage could meet the discharge requirements specified in GB 18918—2002.