面向BMS应用的锂离子电池析锂诊断方法综述

Lithium Plating Detection Methods in Li-ion Batteries for Battery Management System Application:A Review

锂离子电池在低温充电或快速充电时,负极与电解液的界面处容易发生析锂副反应,使得电池容量快速衰减且增加热失控风险。对实际运行的锂离子电池进行析锂诊断,判断其是否发生析锂副反应,是下一代电池管理系统(battery management system,BMS)需要具备的重要功能,对锂离子电池系统的安全稳定运行具有重要意义。根据当前领域发展情况,该文系统总结可在线应用于BMS的析锂诊断方法,根据不同方法的特点,归纳为基于模型驱动、基于数据驱动以及基于先进传感器的3大类方法;并从5个维度详细分析每一类析锂诊断方法的原理、应用特点和局限性。最后,面向未来BMS应用提出析锂诊断方法的发展方向。

Lithium plating is likely to occur on the surface of the anode in Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)during low temperature charging or fast charging,leading to rapid capacity degradation and an increased risk of thermal runaway.Lithium plating detection of the batteries in real application is considered as one of the most desired features needed for the next-generation battery management system(BMS)and is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of LIBs.This study systematically reviews the recent progress in lithium plating detection methods that can be applied to BMS,among which three categories are classified:model-driven methods,data-driven methods,and advanced sensor-based methods.The principles,features and limitations of each category are analyzed in detail from five dimensions.Accordingly,the development direction of lithium plating detection methods is proposed for future BMS applications.