清代孔府集市及其当代启示

Kong Family Market in the Qing Dynasty and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

清代的孔府拥有众多集市,“屯集”因“屯”而设,“义集”因“义”而起,集市贸易与屯民的生产生活息息相关。除了经济服务功能外,孔府集市还具有诸多社会性功能,彰显了孔府的特权,强化了佃户的共同体意识,对塑造衍圣公作为弘扬圣道代言人形象起到补充作用。孔府集市管理机制具有广涉性,措施完善但效率低下。孔府集市纠纷常年不断,起因具有明显的趋利性,折射出丰富的社会内涵。清代孔府集市功能的多维性、管理机制的广涉性、集市纠纷的复杂性对推进当代农村集市健康发展均有重要启示。

The Kong family in the Qing Dynasty had many markets.“Tunji”(Tun was just like a village and ji was a market)was set up because of“tun”and“Yiji”(Yiji was a market for public service)was set up because of“Yi”.Market trade was closely related to the production and life of tun people.In addition to the economic service function,the Kong Family market also had many social functions,highlighting the privilege of the Kong family,strengthening the community consciousness of tenant farmers,and playing a complementary role in shaping the image of Duke Yan Sheng as the spokesperson for promoting Dao(the Saint's thoughts).The management mechanism of the market was extensive,the measures were perfect,but the efficiency was low.The disputes in Kong Family market were constant all the year round,the causes of which had obvious interests and reflected rich social connotation.The multi-dimensional function of the market,the wide involvement of management system and the complexity of market disputes in the Qing Dynasty had important enlightenments for promoting the healthy development of contemporary rural markets.