永善县牛羊布鲁氏菌病的流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of brucellosis in cattle and sheep in Yongshan County

研究旨在了解云南省昭通市永善县部分乡镇牛羊布鲁氏菌病的流行情况,于2022年从永善县11个乡镇中随机抽取牛羊进行采血,共采集了新鲜血液6078份,其中牛血样354份,羊血样5724份。使用虎红平板凝集试验进行布鲁氏菌抗体初筛,初筛阳性样品使用竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验进行确诊。结果显示:永善县牛羊布鲁氏菌病总检出率为0.05%(3/6078)。不同的采样地区中,码口镇及黄华镇养殖牛羊中布鲁氏菌病阳性率分别为0.23%(2/872)、0.25%(1/391),其余乡镇未检出。不同地区家畜布鲁氏菌病阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同种类家畜中,牛布鲁氏菌病阳性率为0.28%(1/354)、羊布鲁氏菌病阳性率为0.03%(2/5724)。牛布鲁氏菌病阳性率显著高于羊(P<0.05)。研究表明,永善县养殖家畜中少部分地区存在个别布鲁氏菌病阳性个体,提示总体防治工作较好,后期仍需持续监测,积极防治。

The study aimed to understand the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and sheep in some townships of Yongshan County,Zhaotong City,Yunnan Province.In 2022,a random blood samples was conducted from cattle and sheep in 11 townships of Yongshan County,collecting a total of 6078 fresh blood samples,including 354 bovine samples and 5724 sheep samples.The Rose Bengal Plate Agglutination Test was used for the preliminary screening of Brucella antibodies,and the positive samples were confirmed using the cELISA.The results showed that the overall detection rate of brucellosis in cattle and sheep in Yongshan County was 0.05%(3/6078).Among different sampling areas,the positive rates of brucellosis in cattle and sheep in Makou Town and Huanghua Town were 0.23%(2/872)and 0.25%(1/391),respectively,with no detection in other townships.The difference in brucellosis positive rates among different regions was not significant(P>0.05).Among different types of livestock,the positive rate of brucellosis in cattle was 0.28%(1/354),and in sheep was 0.03%(2/5724).The positive rate of brucellosis in cattle was significantly higher than that in sheep(P<0.05).The results indicate that there are a few positive individuals of brucellosis in some areas of livestock farming in Yongshan County,suggesting that the overall prevention and control work is good,but continued monitoring and active prevention are still needed.