公共数据授权运营赋能新质生产力的逻辑展开与法治进路

Logical Development and Legal Approach of Empowering New Quality Productive Forces through Authorized Operation of Public Data

相较于数据共享和数据开放,公共数据授权运营是高效赋能新质生产力发展的数据配置和开发利用方式。公共数据授权运营的制度目的在于激励创新和推动高质量发展,切合新质生产力的内涵特征。中国已经积极开展公共数据授权运营的制度探索和实践。然而,公共数据授权运营机制运行中也存在着数据确权不明、收费和收益难题、垄断风险以及责任分配和救济规则阙如等实践障碍,阻碍对新质生产力的高效赋能。为了克服实践障碍并完全释放制度优势,公共数据授权运营机制应当构建和完善规则体系,适应新质生产力发展趋势。公共数据授权运营机制首先要坚持社会效益和经济效益统一,坚持发展与安全并重的制度价值取向,并且在规则完善方面应当分别构建公共主体间公共数据权利配置和协调机制、合理的收费定价和公平的收益共享机制、公共数据垄断风险应对机制以及政府担保责任与有效事后救济机制。

Compared with data sharing and data opening,authorized operation of public data is an efficient way to empower the development of new quality productive forces through data configuration development and utilization.The purpose of the public data authorization operation system is to stimulate innovation and promote high-quality development,which is in line with the connotation characteristics of new quality productive forces.China has been actively exploring and practising beneficial systems for the public data authorization operation.However,there are also practical obstacles in the public data authorization operation mechanism,such as unclear data confirmation rights,difficulties in charges and benefits,monopoly risks,and absence of responsibility allocation and relief rules,which hinder the full empowerment of new quality productive forces.In order to overcome practical obstacles and fully unleash institutional advantages,the public data authorization operation mechanism should build and improve a rule system to adapt to the development trend of new quality productive forces.The public data authorization operation mechanism should first adhere to the institutional value orientation of balancing social and economic benefits,and of balancing development and security.And in terms of the improvement of rules,it is necessary to build the allocation and coordination mechanism of public data rights between public subjects,reasonable fee pricing and fair revenue sharing mechanism,public data monopoly risk response mechanism,government guarantee responsibility and effective post-relief mechanism.