数字化转型能否抑制企业成本粘性?——基于粘性三重成因的研究

Can Digital Transformation Restrain Enterprise Cost Stickiness?—A Study based on the Triple Causes of Cost Stickiness

数字技术与企业内部管理的融合为提高企业成本管理水平提供了新的思路,成为促进企业高质量发展的重要动能。基于成本粘性三重动因视角,理论分析数字化转型降低成本粘性的作用机制,利用2007—2021年沪深两市A股上市公司样本进行了实证检验。研究发现,数字化转型对企业成本粘性具有显著的抑制作用,且主要通过信息效应、治理效应、运营效应降低成本粘性。调节效应分析表明,企业业务复杂度扩展了数字技术作用空间,企业技术水平增强了数字技术运用能力。异质性分析发现,数字化转型降低成本粘性的积极效应在国有企业和非国有企业均较显著;在外部制度环境较差的企业中效应更强;区块链、云计算、大数据技术均对成本粘性具有抑制作用,而人工智能技术和数字技术应用对抑制成本粘性均不明显;数字化转型降低成本粘性的积极效应随数字化转型的推进呈“倒U形”关系。

The integration of digital technology and internal management of enterprises provides new ideas for improving the level of cost management,and has become an important driving force for promoting high-quality development of enterprises.Based on the perspective of the triple drivers of cost stickiness,the role mechanism of digital transformation to reduce cost stickiness is theoretically analyzed and empirically tested using a sample of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2021.The study has found that digital transformation has a significant inhibitory effect on cost stickiness in enterprises,mainly reducing cost stickiness through information effects,governance effects,and operational effects.The analysis of moderating effects shows that the complexity of enterprise business expands the scope of digital technology,and the level of enterprise technology enhances the ability to apply digital technology.Heterogeneity analysis found that the positive effect of digital transformation on reducing cost stickiness is significant in both state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises;the effect is stronger in enterprises with poor external institutional environment;blockchain,cloud computing,and big data technologies all have an inhibitory effect on cost stickiness,while the application of artificial intelligence and digital technology is not significant in suppressing cost stickiness;the positive effect of reducing cost stickiness through digital transformation shows an inverted Ushaped relationship with the advancement of digital transformation.