人民民主权利的“全过程”特质——以选举权为中心的考察

The"Whole Process"Character of People's Democratic Rights—An Examination Centered on the Right to Vote

全过程人民民主在社会主义建设时期的创造性发展,促成了选举权在八二宪法框架下“全过程”特质的形成。八二宪法通过对“人民民主专政”规定的重新恢复,明确了民主与专政相结合的法治化方向,实现了选举权的全面转型与内涵迭代:一是进一步深化普遍性原则,选举权享有主体实现了广大人民群众广泛参与的“全覆盖”;二是大力拓展民主形式,使选举权的保护范围从单一的人大选举扩展到政治、经济、文化和社会事务民主管理的“全方位”;三是澄清选民与代表关系,使选举权的内容从代表选举延伸到代表监督、代表罢免的“全链条”。以全过程人民民主理论为视角,选举权作为“人民当家作主的基本权利”的本质属性得到充分体现。

The creative development of full-course people's democracy during the period of socialist construction contributed to the formation of the"full-course"character of the right to vote under the framework of the 1982 Constitution.By restoring the provisions of"people's democratic dictatorship,"the 82nd Constitution has clarified the direction of the rule of law in combining democracy and dictatorship,and realized a comprehensive transformation and iteration of the connotation of the right to vote:first,it has further deepened the principle of universality,so that the main body of people enjoying the right to vote realizes"full coverage"with broad participation by the general public.The second is to vigorously expand the forms of democracy,so that the scope of protection of the right to vote extends from a single election to a"full range"of democratic management of political,economic,cultural and social affairs;the third is to clarify the relationship between voters and representatives,so that the content of the right to vote extends from the election of representatives to the"full chain"of representative supervision and recall.Third,the relationship between voters and representatives is being clarified so that the content of the right to vote extends from the election of representatives to the supervision and recall of representatives.From the perspective of the theory of people's democracy in the entire process,the essential attribute of the right to vote as"the basic right of the people to be masters of their own affairs"has been fully realized.