公交-合乘车道优化设计的多目标双层规划模型

Multi-objective bi-level programming model for optimization design of bus-HOV lanes

为提高公交专用道利用率,构建了公交-合乘车道(bus-HOV lanes)优化设计的多目标双层规划模型。该模型上层最小化交通总阻抗、公交运营成本和车辆排放;下层考虑非合乘车、合乘车和公交车实现多方式交通网络用户均衡;由快速非支配排序遗传算法求解,其下层由相继平均法和连续权重平均法求解;并使用Nguyen-Dupuis网络验证模型及其求解算法。结果表明:所给算法能有效获得公交-合乘车道设置方案的Pareto最优解集;合理的公交-合乘车道设置方案能有效促进合乘出行;相比不设置公交-合乘车道,全部和部分合乘车进入公交-合乘车道分别使交通总阻抗降低-0.007%~1.088%和0.038%~4.493%,使公交运营成本上升1.057%~3.864%和4.011%~5.611%,使车辆排放减少-7.598%~-1.111%和-0.677%~3.526%;当起讫点(OD)对客流量不低于其临界值,设置公交-合乘车道有利于增加公交车客流量。

A multi-objective bi-level programming model for optimization design of bus-HOV(bus and high occupancy vehicle)lanes was formulated to enhance the utilization of exclusive bus lanes.The upper level of the model aimed to minimize the total travel impedance,transit operating costs and vehicle emissions;its lower level realized the user equilibrium of a multi-modal transportation network considering non-HOV,HOV and bus.The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡand the methods of successive average and successive weight average were used to solve the model and lower level,respectively.The model and its solution algorithms was validated with the Nguyen-Dupuis network.The results show that the given algorithm can effectively obtain the Pareto optimal solution set of the setting scenario of the bus-HOV lanes;the reasonable setting scenario of the bus-HOV lanes can effectively promote carpooling;compared with not setting the bus-HOV lanes,permitting all and a part of high occupancy vehicles to enter the bus-HOV lanes makes the total travel impedance decrease by-0.007%~1.088%and 0.038%~4.493%,makes the transit operating costs ascend 1.057%~3.864%and 4.011%~5.611%,and makes the vehicle emissions reduce-7.598%~-1.111%and-0.677%~3.526%,respectively;when the passenger volume of original destination(OD)pairs is not lower than its critical value,setting the bus-HOV lane is helpful to increase the bus passenger volume.