新工科视域下高职院校“三螺旋”人才培养模式构建研究

Research on construction of "triple helix" talent training mode for higher vocational colleges from perspective of "Novel Engineering"

“新工科”以新理念、新模式、新方法、新标准推动我国工程教育深化改革、科技革命和产业变革,对高职院校“新工匠”人才培养模式提出新的要求。在“新兴、新型、新生”的新工科视域下,当前高职院校教育课程体系不完善、双创教育不足、校企合作机制不健全等问题突显。基于职普融通、产教融合的职业教育体系,高职院校应该以“政府-院校-企业”为共同体的“三螺旋”模式,三位一体合力培养大国工匠、能工巧匠、高技能人才。政府统筹协调顶层设计,搭建平台,健全机制,院校优化专业课程体系,企业提供产业支持,促进政府、院校、企业等多元主体共同参与,实现共商共建共治的双创教学,融合推进协同育人新路径。

The "Novel Engineering" promotes the deepening reform,technological revolution,and industrial transformation of engineering education in China with new concepts,models,methods,and standards,and puts forward new requirements for the talent cultivation mode of "New Craftsmen" in vocational colleges.From the perspective of "emerging,new-type,and newborn" in the "Novel Engineering" field,it highlights the problems of an incomplete curriculum system,insufficient entrepreneurship and innovation education,and inadequate school-enterprise cooperation mechanisms in current vocational colleges.Based on the vocational education system that integrates vocational education with general education and industry education,vocational colleges should adopt the "triple helix" model of "government-college-enterprise" as a community,and work together to cultivate skilled craftsmen,skilled workers,and high skilled talents in the country.The government coordinates top-level design,builds platforms,improves mechanisms,optimizes the professional curriculum system of universities,provides industrial support from enterprises,promotes the participation of multiple entities such as the government,universities,and enterprises,and realizes the integration of extensive consultation,joint-contribution,and co-governance to encourage a new path of collaborative education.