逆境信念和社会支持状况对成都市青少年抑郁症状的影响

The Impact of Adversity Beliefs and Social Support on Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents in Chengdu

目的:分析逆境信念和社会支持状况对成都市青少年抑郁症状的影响,为改善成都市青少年心理健康状况提供参考依据。方法:采用儿童青少年流调用抑郁自评量表、青少年社会支持评价量表、逆境信念量表,于2022年6-7月通过多阶段分层整群抽样选取成都市儿童正向成长队列中4873名10-19岁青少年进行问卷调查。采用Pearson相关分析、多元逐步回归分析以及中介效应模型分析逆境信念、社会支持状况对抑郁症状的影响。结果:逆境信念(β=-0.40,P<0.001)和社会支持(β=-0.41,P<0.001)均对成都市青少年抑郁症状有显著负向影响;社会支持在青少年逆境信念对抑郁症状的影响中起部分中介作用,中介效应值是40%;社会支持在逆境信念和抑郁症状之间起调节作用(β=0.11,t=2.779,P<0.001)。结论:青少年的抑郁症状受到逆境信念的影响,社会支持在逆境信念对抑郁症状的影响中起部分中介作用和调节作用。家庭、学校、社会各方可通过提高青少年应对逆境的能力,提供更多的社会支持,减少青少年抑郁症状的发生风险。

Objective:To analyze the influence of adversity beliefs and social support on depressive symptoms among adolescents in Chengdu and provide a reference for improving the mental health of adolescents in this region.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 4873 adolescents aged 10-19 from the Chengdu Positive Children's Growth Cohort using the Children's Depression Inventory(CDI),the Adolescent Social Support Scale,and the Beliefs about Adversity Scale.The survey took place from June to July 2022,employing a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.Pearson correlation analysis,multiple stepwise regression analysis,and mediation effect models were used to analyze the impact of adversity beliefs and social support on depressive symptoms.Results:Adversity beliefs(β=-0.40,P<0.001)and social support(β=-0.41,P<0.001)both had a significant negative impact on depressive symptoms among adolescents in Chengdu.Social support partially mediated the relationship between adversity beliefs and depressive symptoms,with a mediation effect value of 40%.Additionally,social support moderated the relationship between adversity beliefs and depressive symptoms(β=0.11,t=2.779,P<0.001).Conclusion:Adolescents'depressive symptoms are influenced by adversity beliefs,and social support plays a partial mediating and moderating role in this relationship.Family,school,and societal efforts should focus on enhancing adolescents'ability to cope with adversity and providing increased social support to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.