蝙蝠文学话语的资源场域及价值维度

The Resource Field and Value Dimension of Bat Literature Discourse

蝙蝠,甲骨文、金文均无著录,篆书辑之。作为一个话语,它最早出现在成书于战国至西汉之间的《尔雅》。两汉至隋,蝙蝠之于文献的出现便稍多起来。唐宋、金元、明清蝙蝠诗句层出不穷,散文、小说、戏剧也多有描写。近、现当代以来作家对它的认识趋向丰富、复杂,可以说在一定程度恢复了蝙蝠的本来面目。外国文学自古迄今也有许多描写蝙蝠的文学作品。蝙蝠文学话语的资源场域比较广阔,文学体裁多种多样,价值维度由古代的单一变为现代的多元,由一味否定经否定带肯定变为完全肯定。近现代以前,对蝙蝠的文学认识总是陷入片面、极端和悲观的泥淖,带着偏见、嫌弃和歧视。在科学飞速发展的今天,我们应该正确看待蝙蝠,争取尽可能与它永远和谐相处。

The The bat,recorded neither in oracle bone inscriptions nor in bronze inscriptions,is collected in a seal script.As a discourse,it first appeared in the book Er Ya written between the Warring States period and the Western Han Dynasty.From the Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty,the bat witnessed a slight increase in its appearance in literature,while Tang,Song,Jin,Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties saw an endless stream of batthemed poems,as well as its descriptions in essays,novels,and dramatic plays.In recent and contemporary times,writers have tended to have a rich and complex understanding of the bat,which can be said to have restored its true colors to a certain extent.Moreover,there are also many literary works depicting bats in foreign literature since ancient times.The resource field of bat literature discourse is relatively broad,with a variety of literary genres,and the value dimension has changed from ancient singularity to modern multiplicity,from blind negation through both negation and affirmation to complete affirmation.Before the modern and contemporary times,the literary understanding of the bat was always trapped in a one-sided,extreme,and pessimistic mire,with prejudice,disdain,and discrimination.In the present time of rapidly developing science,we should view bats correctly and strive to live in harmony with them as much as possible.