水电机组励磁系统阶梯式预测控制方法

A Stair-Like Predictive Control Method for the Excitation System of the Hydroelectric Generator

随着我国“双碳”目标进程的加快推进,水电机组朝着大容量、高水头、长输水系统的方向发展,对调节控制品质提出了更高要求。励磁系统是水轮发电机组的重要调节控制系统,其良好的控制性能在提高现代电力系统的稳定运行水平与抗风险能力方面起到举足轻重的作用。本文开展了水电机组励磁系统先进控制方法研究,建立了具有仿射非线性特性的凸极同步发电机励磁系统及其互联电网数学模型。引入了阶梯式预测控制思想,提出了一种励磁系统的非线性预测控制方法,详细阐释了励磁预测控制中状态预测、滚动优化和反馈校正等环节的设计原理。开展了IEEE标准3机9节点系统的短路故障暂态稳定仿真实验,对所提出的励磁预测控制算法进行验证。验证结果表明:所提励磁预测控制算法相较于传统方法在机组电压和功角稳定方面具有更佳的控制效果。

With the acceleration of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals,hydropower units are developing towards the direction of large capacity,high head and long water transmission system,which puts forward higher requirements for the control quality of regulation system.The excitation system is an important auxiliary equipment for hydroelectric generators,and its control performance plays an important role in improving the stable operation level and risk resistance ability of modern power systems.This paper studies the advanced control scheme for the excitation system of the hydropower unit.A mathematical model of the generator excitation system and its interconnected power grid with affine nonlinear characteristics are established.Then,a nonlinear predictive control method for the generator excitation system was proposed based on this model,and the design principles of state prediction,rolling optimization,and feedback correction in the excitation predictive control were discussed in detail by introducing the methodology of the stair-like predictive control.To validate the effectiveness of the proposed predictive control method,a simulation experiment of the transient stability of a short circuit fault scenario in the IEEE standard 3-machine 9-bus system was conducted.Through comparative experiments,it is verified that the excitation predictive control strategy has a better voltage and rotor angle stability control effect compared to traditional excitation control methods.