完全侧卧位对口腔衰弱伴躯体衰弱老年人经口摄食能力的效果研究

Effects of complete lateral decubitus position on oral feeding ability in elderly patients with oral frailty and physical frailty

目的:评价完全侧卧位对口腔衰弱伴躯体衰弱老年人经口摄食能力的影响,为医务人员改善这类老年人的营养状况提供参考。方法:便利选取2023年1月—12月就诊于苏州市某医院老年医学科的70例口腔衰弱伴躯体衰弱老年人为研究对象,随机分为实验组、对照组各35例,实验组采取完全侧卧位经口进食法,对照组采取60°半坐卧位或90°端坐位法(即保留患者原有进食体位习惯)。比较两组患者经口摄食能力等指标。结果:干预8周后,实验组的经口摄食能力、平均进食时长、平均进食次数、平均每餐进食量、营养状况显著优于对照组,衰弱评分、误吸发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用完全侧卧位的进食方法,可以提高口腔衰弱伴躯体衰弱老年人的经口摄食能力,改善营养状况和衰弱,且误吸的发生率也得到降低。

Objective:To evaluate the effect of complete lateral decubitus position on oral feeding ability in elderly patients with oral frailty and physical frailty,and to provide reference for medical personnel to improve the nutritional status of the patients.Methods:Totally 70 elderly patients with oral frailty and physical frailty were enrolled from January to December 2023 in the department of geriatrics of a hospital in Suzhou,and they were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 35 cases in each group.Those in the experimental group were with the full lateral position through oral feeding,and those in the control group took the 60°semi-seated position or 90°upright position(patients retained their original eating habits).The oral feeding ability and other indicators were compared.Results:After 8 weeks of intervention,the oral feeding ability,the average feeding duration,the average eating times,the average eating volume per meal,the nutritional status of those in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group,the frailty score and the incidence of aspiration were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The oral feeding ability,nutritional status and frailty of the elderly patients with oral frailty and physical frailty can be improved by eating in complete lateral decubitus position,and the incidence of aspiration can also be greatly reduced.